Influence of extract from shoots of Taxus baccata var. 'Elegantissima' on mitotic activity of meristematic cells of Allium cepa L. roots

Abstract

We investigated the influence of different concentrations of alcoholic extract from young shoots of Taxus baccata var. 'Elegantissima' (TbE), containing paclitaxel (81.6 µg/g fresh mass), on mitotic activity and DNA content in meristematic ` cells of Allium cepn adventitious root tips. During 24 hours of incubation we obtained different level of inhibition of mitotic activity: ranging from slight changes (dilution 1:32), through complete inhibition reversible in postincubation (dilution 1:8), to whole inhibition irreversible in postincubation (dilution 1:4). Inhibition of mitotic activity was connected with an increase of prophases and metaphases and changes in morphology of chromosomes (thick chromosomes of prophases with diluted karyolymph and c-metaphases). During the experiment, the number of aberrations and micronuclei didn't increase but the number of cells with replicated DNA (4C) blocked in G2 phase was higher. This study was done by a flow cytometry method. The optimal concentration of the TbE extract, which inhibited mitotic activity, did not damage the genetic material (chromosomes) visibly.

Keywords

• Taxus baccata var. 'Elegantissima'
• paclitaxel
• mitotic activity
• phase indices
• DNA content