Integrated analysis of transcriptional changes in major depressive disorder: Insights from blood and anterior cingulate cortex
Xiaogang Zhong,
Xiangyu Chen,
Yiyun Liu,
Siwen Gui,
Juncai Pu,
Dongfang Wang,
Wei Tao,
Yue Chen,
Xiang Chen,
Weiyi Chen,
Xiaopeng Chen,
Renjie Qiao,
Xiangkun Tao,
Zhuocan Li,
Peng Xie
Affiliations
Xiaogang Zhong
College of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment on Brain Functional Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China; The Jin Feng Laboratory, Chongqing, 401329, China
Xiangyu Chen
NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment on Brain Functional Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China; Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
Yiyun Liu
NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment on Brain Functional Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China; The Jin Feng Laboratory, Chongqing, 401329, China
Siwen Gui
NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment on Brain Functional Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China; The Jin Feng Laboratory, Chongqing, 401329, China
Juncai Pu
NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment on Brain Functional Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China; The Jin Feng Laboratory, Chongqing, 401329, China; Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
Dongfang Wang
NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment on Brain Functional Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China; The Jin Feng Laboratory, Chongqing, 401329, China
Wei Tao
NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment on Brain Functional Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China; The Jin Feng Laboratory, Chongqing, 401329, China
Yue Chen
NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment on Brain Functional Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China; The Jin Feng Laboratory, Chongqing, 401329, China; Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
Xiang Chen
NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment on Brain Functional Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China; The Jin Feng Laboratory, Chongqing, 401329, China; Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
Weiyi Chen
NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment on Brain Functional Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China; The Jin Feng Laboratory, Chongqing, 401329, China; Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
Xiaopeng Chen
NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment on Brain Functional Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China; The Jin Feng Laboratory, Chongqing, 401329, China; Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
Renjie Qiao
NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment on Brain Functional Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China; Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
Xiangkun Tao
NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment on Brain Functional Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China; Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
Zhuocan Li
NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment on Brain Functional Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China; Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
Peng Xie
College of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment on Brain Functional Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China; The Jin Feng Laboratory, Chongqing, 401329, China; Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China; Corresponding author. NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment on Brain Functional Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.
Background: Major depressive disorder (MDD) was involved in widely transcriptional changes in central and peripheral tissues. While, previous studies focused on single tissues, making it difficult to represent systemic molecular changes throughout the body. Thus, there is an urgent need to explore the central and peripheral biomarkers with intrinsic correlation. Methods: We systematically retrieved gene expression profiles of blood and anterior cingulate cortex (ACC). 3 blood datatsets (84 MDD and 88 controls) and 6 ACC datasets (100 MDD and 100 controls) were obtained. Differential expression analysis, RobustRankAggreg (RRA) analysis, functional enrichment analysis, immune associated analysis and protein-protein interaction networks (PPI) were integrated. Furthermore, the key genes were validated in an independent ACC dataset (12 MDD and 15 controls) and a cohort with 120 MDD and 117 controls. Results: Differential expression analysis identified 2211 and 2021 differential expressed genes (DEGs) in blood and ACC, respectively. RRA identified 45 and 25 robust DEGs in blood and ACC based on DEGs, and all of them were closely associated with immune cells. Functional enrichment results showed both the robust DEGs in blood and ACC were enriched in humoral immune response. Furthermore, PPI identified 8 hub DEGs (CD79A, CD79B, CD19, MS4A1, PLP1, CLDN11, MOG, MAG) in blood and ACC. Independent ACC dataset showed the area under the curve (AUC) based on these hub DEGs was 0.77. Meanwhile, these hub DEGs were validated in the serum of MDD patients, and also showed a promising diagnostic power. Conclusions: The biomarker panel based on hub DEGs yield a promising diagnostic efficacy, and all of these hub DEGs were strongly correlated with immunity. Humoral immune response may be the key link between the brain and blood in MDD, and our results may provide further understanding for MDD.
