Pharmacological Features of 18β-Glycyrrhetinic Acid: A Pentacyclic Triterpenoid of Therapeutic Potential
Pottathil Shinu,
Girdhari Lal Gupta,
Manu Sharma,
Shahzad Khan,
Manoj Goyal,
Anroop B. Nair,
Manish Kumar,
Wafaa E. Soliman,
Aminur Rahman,
Mahesh Attimarad,
Katharigatta N. Venugopala,
Abdullah Abdulhamid Ahmed Altaweel
Affiliations
Pottathil Shinu
Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
Girdhari Lal Gupta
Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy and Technology Management, SVKM’s NMIMS University, Shirpur 425405, India
Manu Sharma
Department of Chemistry, National Forensic Sciences University Delhi Campus, New Delhi 110085, India
Shahzad Khan
Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
Manoj Goyal
Department of Anesthesia Technology, College of Applied Medical Sciences in Jubail, Imam Abdul Rahman Bin Faisal University, Jubail 35816, Saudi Arabia
Anroop B. Nair
Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
Manish Kumar
Department of Pharmaceutics, M. M. College of Pharmacy, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to Be University), Ambala 133201, India
Wafaa E. Soliman
Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
Aminur Rahman
Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
Mahesh Attimarad
Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
Katharigatta N. Venugopala
Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
Abdullah Abdulhamid Ahmed Altaweel
Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
Glycyrrhiza glabra L. (belonging to the family Leguminosae), commonly known as Licorice, is a popular medicinal plant that has been used in traditional medicine worldwide for its ethnopharmacological efficacy in treating several ailments. Natural herbal substances with strong biological activity have recently received much attention. The main metabolite of glycyrrhizic acid is 18β-glycyrrhetinic acid (18βGA), a pentacyclic triterpene. A major active plant component derived from licorice root, 18βGA has sparked a lot of attention due to its pharmacological properties. The current review thoroughly examines the literature on 18βGA, a major active plant component obtained from Glycyrrhiza glabra L. The current work provides insight into the pharmacological activities of 18βGA and the potential mechanisms of action involved. The plant contains a variety of phytoconstituents such as 18βGA, which has a variety of biological effects including antiasthmatic, hepatoprotective, anticancer, nephroprotective, antidiabetic, antileishmanial, antiviral, antibacterial, antipsoriasis, antiosteoporosis, antiepileptic, antiarrhythmic, and anti-inflammatory, and is also useful in the management of pulmonary arterial hypertension, antipsychotic-induced hyperprolactinemia, and cerebral ischemia. This review examines research on the pharmacological characteristics of 18βGA throughout recent decades to demonstrate its therapeutic potential and any gaps that may exist, presenting possibilities for future drug research and development.
