Magical moiré patterns in twisted bilayer graphene: A review on recent advances in graphene twistronics

Abstract

Graphene has nearly become an area that is experiencing rapid growth. The observation of moiré patterns in mechanically stacked graphene layers has triggered rapid progress in graphene research. These moiré patterns arise due to the relative difference in the orientation of the mechanically stacked graphene layers. Since their first appearance, moiré superlattices have become a platform for advanced materials and different quantum phenomena. Graphene bilayer, obtained from the mechanical stacking of two decoupled graphene layers, has become archetypal. Weak inter-layer forces can sometimes induce angular disorder in the array that causes unconventional stacking of layers. This unconventional stacking induces several angle-dependent properties in twisted bilayer graphene (t-BLG) which are unprecedented for graphene itself. This review examines recent advances in t-BLG covering aspects of its electronic structure, fabrication, angle-dependent properties and the spectroscopic signatures.

Keywords

• Twisted bilayer graphene
• Moiré patterns
• van der Waal heterostructures
• Brillouin zones
• Superconductivity