Open Ground Story Mid-Rise Buildings Represented by Simplified Systems

Abstract

An improved methodology for the condensation of Multi-Degree-Of-Freedom (MDOF) systems to equivalent Two-Degree-Of-Freedom (2EDOF) systems is presented. The methodology is applied to mid-rise buildings with Open Ground-Story and verified by means of Nonlinear Time History Analyses. The buildings studied are divided into two main segments: (a) ground story, whose stiffness and lateral strength are both provided only by reinforced concrete moment-resisting frames; and (b) from the second story to the roof, whose stiffness and lateral strength are provided by confined masonry walls. The proposed methodology allows us to do the following: (a) get the closest approximation to the real behavior of the MDOF system through the use of hysteresis rules with strength and stiffness degradation in the simplified system; (b) analyze the behavior of an OGS whose lateral stiffness is lower than the stiffness of the stories above; and (c) identify in which of the two subsystems (either the ground story with reinforced concrete frames or the second story with masonry) the maximum seismic demand of non-linear behavior occurs. For most of the cases studied and different scenarios of non-linear behavior, the 2EDOF simplified system reasonably approximates the MDOF system’s response; however, when a local failure in an upper story causes the collapse mechanism, the 2EDOF system does not adequately approximate the response of the MDOF system.

Keywords

• buildings with open ground story
• confined masonry walls
• equivalent two-degree of freedom systems
• weak first story buildings
• modeling of masonry walls
• nonlinear dynamic analysis