The Relationship Between the Presence of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-Coronavirus-2 during Pregnancy and Neonatal Hearing Loss

Abstract

Introduction:In this study, we investigated the maternal severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection’s effect on newborn hearing loss.Methods:Thirty-nine newborns whose mother’s SARS-CoV-2 real time-polymerase chain reaction test was positive at the time of parturition were included in this study. Another 39 newborns who were born from healthy pregnancies were selected as the control group. Neonates with risk factors for hearing loss determined by the American Academy of Pediatrics Joint Committee on Infant Hearing 2007 and those with ear pathology were excluded. The newborn hearing screening was done with auditory brainstem response (ABR) test. Second ABR test (ABR-2) was performed on newborns who failed the 1st test (ABR-1). The third ABR test (ABR-3) was performed on newborns who failed the second ABR test (ABR-2). The screening results were analyzed statistically.Results:In the control group, a total of 6 (15.4%) newborns failed ABR-1, five newborns in one ear (3 right, 2 left), and one newborn in both ears. In the study group, a total of 14 (35.9%) newborns failed ABR-1, 11 newborns from both ears and 3 (2 right, 1 left) newborns from one ear. ABR-1 results were significantly worse in the study group’s neonates (p=0.038). In addition, the rate of involvement of both ears was higher in the study group (p=0.018; p0.05). All babies passed the ABR-3.Conclusion:There was a significant relationship between neonatal hearing loss and maternal SARS-CoV-2 infection. This hearing loss is usually bilateral and temporary.

Keywords

• sars-cov-2
• hearing loss
• maternal-fetal relations
• neonatal screening*
• auditory brainstem response