Revolutionizing Autoimmune Research: The Role of Caveolin‐1

Abstract

ABSTRACT Introduction Caveolins (Cav) include Cav‐1, Cav‐2, and Cav‐3, with Cav‐1 being the most studied due to its prominent role as a major component of plasma membrane caveolae. Cav‐1 is involved in a wide range of cellular functions and plays a key role in regulating signaling pathways related to immune responses and inflammation. Recently, research on Cav‐1 in autoimmune diseases (AIDs) has garnered significant interest. Methods This paper provides an overview of the research on Cav‐1's involvement in AIDs, including rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, Sjögren syndrome, anti‐neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody‐associated vasculitis, systemic sclerosis, connective tissue disease‐associated interstitial lung disease, autoimmune disorders of the nervous system, autoimmune uveitis, autoimmune thyroid disease, and autoimmune myocarditis. Results Cav‐1 plays a critical role in various AIDs, acting as a key protein in inflammatory and immune cells. It regulates multiple signaling processes by controlling the translocation of signaling molecules and modulating various pathways. Cav‐1 is increasingly recognized as a biomarker in certain AIDs and may become pivotal in treating these diseases in the future. Conclusion Cav‐1 is a crucial player in the pathogenesis of many AIDs and has the potential to serve as both a diagnostic marker and a therapeutic target for these diseases. As research into Cav‐1 deepens, it may offer new insights into the diagnosis, treatment, and drug sensitivity of AIDs, emerging as a promising target for future therapeutic strategies.

Keywords

• autoimmune disease
• biomarker
• caveolin‐1
• immunity
• inflammation