Status of organochlorine pesticides in the drinking water well-field located in the Delhi region of the flood plains of river Yamuna

Abstract

This study presents the occurrence of pesticides in a well-field located in Yamuna flood plain of Delhi region. Ground water sampling campaigns were carried out during pre-monsoon and post-monsoon periods covering 21 borewells and 5 Ranney wells. Major 17 organochlorine pesticides (OCP's) along with other water quality parameters were monitored during this period. Pesticide concentrations were determined using GC-ECD, while GC-MS was used for confirmatory purposes. OCP's groups like ∑HCH, ∑DDT, endosulfan and aldrin were observed in this well-field. Concentration of OCPs from Ranney well exceeded the limit (1 μg l^−1) prescribed by the Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS) in pre-monsoon season, though OCP levels in borewells were within BIS limits. However, these levels were very close to the World Health Organisation (WHO) and European Union (EU) limit of for pesticides (0.5 μg l^−1) in many samples. Borewell produced better quality water compared to the water from Ranney wells. Although, the level of OCP's was slightly lower than prescribed limit of national regulatory agency but such low doses may cause long-term damage to human populations if such water is consumed for longer durations. At low doses OCP's acts as endocrine disrupting agent and cause metabolic disorders in local population.