Meroterpenoids: A Comprehensive Update Insight on Structural Diversity and Biology
Mamona Nazir,
Muhammad Saleem,
Muhammad Imran Tousif,
Muhammad Aijaz Anwar,
Frank Surup,
Iftikhar Ali,
Daijie Wang,
Nilufar Z. Mamadalieva,
Elham Alshammari,
Mohamed L. Ashour,
Ahmed M. Ashour,
Ishtiaq Ahmed,
Elizbit,
Ivan R. Green,
Hidayat Hussain
Affiliations
Mamona Nazir
Department of Chemistry, Government Sadiq College Women University Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan
Muhammad Saleem
Institute of Chemistry, Baghdad-ul-Jadeed Campus, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan
Muhammad Imran Tousif
Department of Chemistry, DG Khan Campus, University of Education Lahore, Dera Ghazi Khan 32200, Pakistan
Muhammad Aijaz Anwar
Pharmaceutical Research Division, PCSIR Laboratories Complex Karachi, Karachi 75280, Pakistan
Frank Surup
Microbial Drugs, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany
Iftikhar Ali
School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Key Laboratory for Applied Technology of Sophisticated Analytical Instruments of Shandong Province, Shandong Analysis and Test Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250014, China
Daijie Wang
School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Key Laboratory for Applied Technology of Sophisticated Analytical Instruments of Shandong Province, Shandong Analysis and Test Center, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250014, China
Nilufar Z. Mamadalieva
Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Weinberg 3, D-06120 Halle, Germany
Elham Alshammari
Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
Mohamed L. Ashour
Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmacy Program, Batterjee Medical College, Jeddah 21442, Saudi Arabia
Ahmed M. Ashour
Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, P.O. Box 13578, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
Ishtiaq Ahmed
Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1TN, UK
Elizbit
Department of Materials Engineering, National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST) H12, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
Ivan R. Green
Department of Chemistry and Polymer Science, University of Stellenbosch, Private Bag X1, Matieland, Stellenbosch 7600, South Africa
Hidayat Hussain
Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Weinberg 3, D-06120 Halle, Germany
Meroterpenoids are secondary metabolites formed due to mixed biosynthetic pathways which are produced in part from a terpenoid co-substrate. These mixed biosynthetically hybrid compounds are widely produced by bacteria, algae, plants, and animals. Notably amazing chemical diversity is generated among meroterpenoids via a combination of terpenoid scaffolds with polyketides, alkaloids, phenols, and amino acids. This review deals with the isolation, chemical diversity, and biological effects of 452 new meroterpenoids reported from natural sources from January 2016 to December 2020. Most of the meroterpenoids possess antimicrobial, cytotoxic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antiviral, enzyme inhibitory, and immunosupressive effects.
