Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics (Apr 2022)
The formation and mitigation of nitrate pollution: comparison between urban and suburban environments
- S. Yang,
- S. Yang,
- B. Yuan,
- B. Yuan,
- Y. Peng,
- Y. Peng,
- S. Huang,
- S. Huang,
- W. Chen,
- W. Hu,
- C. Pei,
- C. Pei,
- C. Pei,
- C. Pei,
- J. Zhou,
- J. Zhou,
- D. D. Parrish,
- W. Wang,
- X. He,
- X. He,
- C. Cheng,
- C. Cheng,
- X.-B. Li,
- X.-B. Li,
- X. Yang,
- X. Yang,
- Y. Song,
- H. Wang,
- J. Qi,
- J. Qi,
- B. Wang,
- C. Wang,
- C. Wang,
- C. Wang,
- Z. Wang,
- Z. Wang,
- T. Li,
- T. Li,
- E. Zheng,
- E. Zheng,
- S. Wang,
- S. Wang,
- C. Wu,
- C. Wu,
- M. Cai,
- M. Cai,
- C. Ye,
- W. Song,
- P. Cheng,
- D. Chen,
- X. Wang,
- Z. Zhang,
- Z. Zhang,
- X. Wang,
- X. Wang,
- J. Zheng,
- J. Zheng,
- M. Shao,
- M. Shao
Affiliations
- S. Yang
- Institute for Environmental and Climate Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China
- S. Yang
- Guangdong-Hongkong-Macau Joint Laboratory of Collaborative Innovation for Environmental Quality, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China
- B. Yuan
- Institute for Environmental and Climate Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China
- B. Yuan
- Guangdong-Hongkong-Macau Joint Laboratory of Collaborative Innovation for Environmental Quality, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China
- Y. Peng
- Institute for Environmental and Climate Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China
- Y. Peng
- Guangdong-Hongkong-Macau Joint Laboratory of Collaborative Innovation for Environmental Quality, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China
- S. Huang
- Institute for Environmental and Climate Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China
- S. Huang
- Guangdong-Hongkong-Macau Joint Laboratory of Collaborative Innovation for Environmental Quality, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China
- W. Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
- W. Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
- C. Pei
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
- C. Pei
- CAS Center for Excellence in Deep Earth Science, Guangzhou, 510640, China
- C. Pei
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- C. Pei
- Guangzhou Ecological and Environmental Monitoring Center of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou 510060, China
- J. Zhou
- Institute for Environmental and Climate Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China
- J. Zhou
- Guangdong-Hongkong-Macau Joint Laboratory of Collaborative Innovation for Environmental Quality, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China
- D. D. Parrish
- Institute for Environmental and Climate Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China
- W. Wang
- State Joint Key Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- X. He
- Institute for Environmental and Climate Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China
- X. He
- Guangdong-Hongkong-Macau Joint Laboratory of Collaborative Innovation for Environmental Quality, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China
- C. Cheng
- Guangdong-Hongkong-Macau Joint Laboratory of Collaborative Innovation for Environmental Quality, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China
- C. Cheng
- Institute of Mass Spectrometry and Atmospheric Environment, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for on-line Source Apportionment System of Air Pollution, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
- X.-B. Li
- Institute for Environmental and Climate Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China
- X.-B. Li
- Guangdong-Hongkong-Macau Joint Laboratory of Collaborative Innovation for Environmental Quality, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China
- X. Yang
- Institute for Environmental and Climate Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China
- X. Yang
- Guangdong-Hongkong-Macau Joint Laboratory of Collaborative Innovation for Environmental Quality, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China
- Y. Song
- State Joint Key Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- H. Wang
- School of Atmospheric Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
- J. Qi
- Institute for Environmental and Climate Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China
- J. Qi
- Guangdong-Hongkong-Macau Joint Laboratory of Collaborative Innovation for Environmental Quality, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China
- B. Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology, Jinan 250353, China
- C. Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology, Jinan 250353, China
- C. Wang
- Institute for Environmental and Climate Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China
- C. Wang
- Guangdong-Hongkong-Macau Joint Laboratory of Collaborative Innovation for Environmental Quality, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China
- Z. Wang
- Institute for Environmental and Climate Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China
- Z. Wang
- Guangdong-Hongkong-Macau Joint Laboratory of Collaborative Innovation for Environmental Quality, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China
- T. Li
- Institute for Environmental and Climate Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China
- T. Li
- Guangdong-Hongkong-Macau Joint Laboratory of Collaborative Innovation for Environmental Quality, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China
- E. Zheng
- Institute for Environmental and Climate Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China
- E. Zheng
- Guangdong-Hongkong-Macau Joint Laboratory of Collaborative Innovation for Environmental Quality, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China
- S. Wang
- Institute for Environmental and Climate Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China
- S. Wang
- Guangdong-Hongkong-Macau Joint Laboratory of Collaborative Innovation for Environmental Quality, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China
- C. Wu
- Institute for Environmental and Climate Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China
- C. Wu
- Guangdong-Hongkong-Macau Joint Laboratory of Collaborative Innovation for Environmental Quality, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China
- M. Cai
- Institute for Environmental and Climate Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China
- M. Cai
- Guangdong-Hongkong-Macau Joint Laboratory of Collaborative Innovation for Environmental Quality, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China
- C. Ye
- State Joint Key Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- W. Song
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
- P. Cheng
- Institute of Mass Spectrometry and Atmospheric Environment, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for on-line Source Apportionment System of Air Pollution, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
- D. Chen
- Guangzhou Ecological and Environmental Monitoring Center of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou 510060, China
- X. Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Z. Zhang
- Institute for Environmental and Climate Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China
- Z. Zhang
- Guangdong-Hongkong-Macau Joint Laboratory of Collaborative Innovation for Environmental Quality, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China
- X. Wang
- Institute for Environmental and Climate Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China
- X. Wang
- Guangdong-Hongkong-Macau Joint Laboratory of Collaborative Innovation for Environmental Quality, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China
- J. Zheng
- Institute for Environmental and Climate Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China
- J. Zheng
- Guangdong-Hongkong-Macau Joint Laboratory of Collaborative Innovation for Environmental Quality, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China
- M. Shao
- Institute for Environmental and Climate Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China
- M. Shao
- Guangdong-Hongkong-Macau Joint Laboratory of Collaborative Innovation for Environmental Quality, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-4539-2022
- Journal volume & issue
-
Vol. 22
pp. 4539 – 4556
Abstract
Ambient nitrate has been of increasing concern in PM2.5, while there are still large uncertainties in quantifying the formation of nitrate aerosol. The formation pathways of nitrate aerosol at an urban site and a suburban site in the Pearl River Delta (PRD) are investigated using an observation-constrained box model. Throughout the campaigns, aerosol pollution episodes were constantly accompanied with the increase in nitrate concentrations and fractions at both urban and suburban sites. The simulations demonstrate that chemical reactions in the daytime and at night both contributed significantly to formation of nitrate in the boundary layer at the two sites. However, nighttime reactions predominantly occurred aloft in the residual layer at the urban site, and downward transport from the residual layer in the morning is an important source (53 %) for surface nitrate at the urban site, whereas similar amounts of nitrate were produced in the nocturnal boundary layer and residual layer at the suburban site, which results in little downward transport of nitrate from the residual layer to the ground at the suburban site. We show that nitrate formation was in the volatile-organic-compound-limited (VOC-limited) regime at the urban site, and in the transition regime at the suburban site, identical to the response of ozone at both sites. The reduction of VOC emissions can be an efficient approach to mitigate nitrate in both urban and suburban areas through influencing hydroxyl radical (OH) and N2O5 production, which will also be beneficial for the synergistic control of regional ozone pollution. The results highlight that the relative importance of nitrate formation pathways and ozone can be site-specific, and the quantitative understanding of various pathways of nitrate formation will provide insights for developing nitrate and ozone mitigation strategies.