Health Science Journal of Indonesia (Jul 2012)
Avian influenza virus inactivation by caprylic acid, sodium caprylate, and monocaprylin
Abstract
Latar belakang: Flu burung merupakan salah satu penyakit berbahaya yang disebabkan oleh virus RNA dari keluarga Orthomyxoviridae. Virus ini sangat menular dan transmisi virus flu burung ke manusia akan mengakibatkan penyakit yang fatal. Caprylic acid, asam lemak alami, dan derivat lainnya seperti sodium caprylate dan monocaprylin diketahui sangat efektif dalam membunuh berbagai bakteri dan virus penyebab penyakit. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui daya hambat caprylic acid, sodium caprylate dan monocaprylin terhadap virus flu burung. Metode: Uji daya hambat caprylic acid dan monocaprilin menggunakan virus influenza low pathogenic H5N1 dan H5N2. Pengurangan partikel virus pada sel terinfeksi dalam serial pengenceran caprylic acid, sodium caprylate, monocaprylin dan control positif dibandingkan dengan menggunakan metode kuantitatif real-time RTPCR. Hasil: Virus avian influenza dapat diinaktivasi oleh caprylic acid 0,2% dan 0,4% masing-masing sebesar 2 log dan 3 log. Pada penelitian ini sodium caprylate tidak menunjukan daya hambat yang bermakna. Sedangkan, monocaprylin memiliki dosis yang lebih efektif untuk mengurangi jumlah partikel virus yang sama (0,08%-2 log dan 0,16%-3 log). Kesimpulan: Konsentrasi caprylic acid dan monocaprylin yang rendah secara in-vitro mampu mengurangi jumlah partikel virus flu burung. Monocaprylin merupakan senyawa yang paling efektif dalam menghambat pertumbuhan virus dibandingkan dengan senyawa uji lain. (Health Science Indones 2011; 2: 41 - 5) Abstract Background: Avian influenza is an important viral disease caused by RNA viruses from the Orthomyxoviridae family. The virus is highly contagious, and transmission of the virus to humans resulted in fatal disease. Caprylic acid, a natural fatty acid, and its other chemical forms, namely sodium caprylate and monocaprylin, are highly effective in killing a variety of disease causing bacteria and viruses. This study was conducted to investigate the antiviral effect of caprylic acid, sodium caprylate and monocaprylin against avian influenza virus. Methods: Low pathogenic avian influenza viruses H5N1 and H5N2 were subjected to caprylic acid, sodium caprylate and monocaprylin. The reduction of viral particles in infected cells maintained in serial dilutions of caprylic acid, sodium caprylate, and monocaprylin and the positive controls were compared by using quantitative real-time RTPCR method. Results: Avian influenza viruses were inactivated by 0.2% and 0.4% caprylic acid up to 2 logs and 3 logs respectively. Sodium caprylate was not producing significant reduction of viral particles in this study. Whereas, monocaprylin has more effective doses to reduced the similar number of viral particles (0.08% - 2 logs and 0.16% - 3 logs). Conclusion: Low concentration of caprylic acid and monocaprylin in-vitro were able to reduce Avian influenza virus. Monocaprylin is more effective in reducing the viral particles compared to the other compounds. (Health Science Indones 2011; 2: 42 - 6)
