Peran Siklooksigenase dalam Pertumbuhan Kanker Leher Rahim

Abstract

Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression and selective COX-2 inhibitor such as celecoxib, which widely used as antiinflamatory drug, is known to have role in cancer by reducing proliferation and growth of tumor cells, and increasing apoptosis. The research aims were to investigate the effect of selective COX-2 inhibitor and role of COX-2 on tumor growth. This was an experimental study with pretest-posttest control group design. This study was done at Hasan Sadikin Hospital Bandung, November 2007–October 2008. Twenty patients received selective COX-2 inhibitor and chemoradiation, whereas 21 patients were treated by chemoradiation only, as control group. COX-2, Ki-67, and caspase-3 expression was analyzed by immunohistochemistry. Cervical size was measured by transabdominal ultrasonograpy. All variables obtained before and after external chemoradiation. Data were analyzed using Wilcoxon and Pearson's correlation test. Selective COX-2 inhibitor significantly reduced COX-2 expression, 10% in control group and 42% in treated group (p=0.001) as well as Ki-67 expression as proliferation marker, -3% in the control group and 48% in the treated group (p=0.007). Caspase-3 expression as marker of apoptosis was increased after selective COX-2 inhibitor treatment, 59% whereas only 16% in the control group (p<0.001). In addition, selective COX-2 inhibitor enhanced tumor reduction, 88%versus 83% in control group (p<0.001). In conclusion, COX-2 plays role in uterine cervical cancer and selective COX-2 inhibitor reduced proliferation and increased apoptosis which leads to reduction in tumor size.

Keywords

• Apoptosis
• cervical cancer
• COX-2
• proliferation
• selective inhibitor COX2
• tumor growth