A case series of pneumonia beyond usual infections in children

Abstract

Pneumonia is the most common cause of mortality in under-five children worldwide. Largely, viral pneumonia is the most common cause of pneumonia in children across all age groups. We need to think outside the jukebox while dealing with cases of recurrent or persistent pneumonia. A few uncommon causes of persistent or recurrent pneumonia are primary or secondary immunodeficiencies, airway anomalies, infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex, aspiration pneumonia, and severe gastroesophageal reflux. We present a few uncommon presentations of pneumonia in children, which can pose a significant diagnostic challenge in a resource-limited setting.

Keywords

• antitubercular treatment
• bronchoalveolar lavage
• gastroesophageal reflux
• ground-glass opacities
• mycobacterium tuberculosis