Sustainable Materials for Water Treatment: A Comprehensive Review

Abstract

The increasing apprehension regarding water shortage and environmental contamination has heightened the pursuit of sustainable remedies in the field of water treatment. This detailed research examines the use of sustainable materials in water treatment systems. This study aims to examine the pressing demand for environmentally friendly and highly effective methods of water treatment. It comprehensively explores a diverse range of sustainable materials, encompassing both natural biomaterials and sophisticated nanomaterials. The evaluation of key features such as adsorption capacity, selectivity, and regeneration potential is conducted for each material, hence offering valuable insights into their suitability for the purpose of pollutant removal and water purification. The present study provides a critical evaluation of the appropriateness of these sustainable materials by an examination of key criteria like adsorption capacity, selectivity, and regeneration capabilities. The aforementioned attributes, which are crucial for the elimination of pollutants and unwanted substances, highlight the significant contribution of these materials towards the progression of water purification methodologies. In addition to their practical attributes, the analysis explores the ecological consequences and enduring viability of these substances, emphasising the need of mitigating detrimental impacts on natural systems and their associated services. The evaluation further evaluates the environmental consequences and long-term viability of these materials, placing emphasis on their contribution to addressing water-related difficulties. By integrating the most recent research discoveries and technical progress, this literature review not only provides a thorough examination of sustainable materials used in water treatment, but also emphasises potential directions for further investigation and improvement in this crucial field.