Investigation of the Relationship Between Blood Groups and Gestational Diabetes: A Case-Control Study

Abstract

Background and Aim: Gestational diabetes is the most common complication of pregnancy that can lead to adverse consequence for the pregnant mother and the fetus. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between blood groups and gestational diabetes. Materials and Methods: This case-control study included 211 pregnant women with gestational diabetes as cases and 211 pregnant women without gestational diabetes as controls. We used two-stage sampling method. In the first stage, 10 bases were randomly selected from 35 active bases in the urban areas of Sanandaj, and in the next stage, the cases were entered into the study using census method and the controls were selected based on convenience sampling. Using SPSS 16 software analysis, Data were analyzed by chi-square test and logistic regression. Results: The mean values of age for the pregnant women in the case and control groups were 34.29 ± 5.33 years and 30.05 ± 5.50 years, respectively. The most common blood group in both case and control groups was blood group O (more than 40%). In the univariate analysis of ABO and Rh blood groups, there was no significant relationship between the two groups (p>0.05) in regard to the history of abortion and family history of type 2 diabetes. In the, final regression model age, body mass index and parity showed a significant relationship with gestational diabetes (p<0.05). Conclusion: In patients with gestational diabetes, blood group O was the most frequent, but there was no statistically significant difference between case and control groups in terms of blood groups. Age, body mass index and parity remained in the final regression model.

Keywords

• gestational diabetes
• blood groups
• pregnant mothers
• type 2 diabetes