Environmental burden by burning waste in small heat sources

Abstract

Deteriorated air quality is often related to the use of alternative fuels in heat sources, often in the form of waste. This article deals with the chemical composition of four types of alternative fuels: solid non-separable waste, solid non-separable waste with more plastic content, linden leaves and maize husks. The measurements were realized on a CHN628 analyzer and an energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometer. The chemical composition of the fuel is connected with the composition of emissions during their combustion. Results showed an increased chlorine content in each sample, then sulfur content (except maize husks) and also nitrogen content in the case of two samples (solid non-separable waste and maize husks). In the case of the content of toxic elements, no relevant concentration was detected in investigated samples. Therefore, it is not suitable to burn waste in conventional solid fuel heat sources. Heat source users should only use permitted fuels that are recommended by the heat source manufacturer.