ASSESSMENT OF GENETIC VARIABILITY OF DAM UKRAINIAN GRAY BREED CATTLE BY BLOOD GROUP SYSTEMS AND MICROSATELLITE LOCI

Abstract

For objective characteristics of the gene pool of farm animal breeds and genetic assessment of the situation in the stud using the genetic markers of the system of blood groups and microsatellite loci. Assessment of genetic diversity of breeding stock of Gray Ukrainian breed cattle with two genetic systems. Material for the study was the blood samples of cows gray Ukrainian breed herds, «Golosіevo» farm, Kyiv region. Determination of genotypes of cows was performed for 13 microsatellite loci: BM1818, BM2113, BM1824, SPS115, TGLA227, ETN225, ETN10, TGLA126, TGLA122, ILST005, INRA023, ETN185, ILST006, which is included in the list recommended by the International Society of Animal Geneticists (ISAG), for cattle. Determination of blood groups of cows of Gray Ukrainian breed was carried out according to generally accepted methods. Erythrocyte antigens of 37 factors of 7 systems were used for the analysis (EA): А1, А2 (EAA); Zʹ, В2, G2, I1, О1, О2, О3, О4, T2, Аʹ, Вʹ, Dʹ, Eʹ3, Fʹ, Jʹ, Kʹ, Dʹ, Qʹ, Yʹ, Gʹʹ, Iʹʹ (EAB); C1, C2, E, R1, R2, W, X2 (EAC); F, V (EAF); L (EAL); S1, Hʹʹ, Uʹʹ (EAS); Z (EAZ). Statistical data processing was carried out according to generally accepted methods using software GenAlEx version 6.51. In cows, 68 allelic variants were established by blood groups and 80 – microsatellite loci. The level of observed heterozygosis by polymorphic systems of blood groups in cows ranged from 0.083 (EAZ) to 1.0 (EAB) and averaged – 0.228. The level of observed heterozygosis ranged from 0.390 (SPS 115) to 0.756 (BM 1824, TGLA 122, BM 2113) and averaged 0.655. Estimated by the indexes of genetic variability by blood group systems and microsatellite loci of cows of Ukrainian Gray breed of «Golosiyevo» farm, they appeared to be highly informative and have a high degree of polymorphism. The distribution of the number of alleles and the degree of heterozygosis in cows of Ukrainian Gray breed by microsatellite loci was uniform in comparison with the systems of blood groups. In subsequent studies, the use of two types of markers: blood group systems and microsatellite loci should be combined to obtain a more complete genetic characterization of the status and structure of bovine animal populations

Keywords

• allele
• antigen
• locus
• heterozygosis
• population
• polymorphism