Zhongguo cuzhong zazhi (May 2025)

中国卒中预防20年 Two Decades of Stroke Prevention in China

  • 张润华1，李天琪2，翟屹2，姜勇2，3，刘改芬1 (ZHANG Runhua1, LI Tianqi2, ZHAI Yi2, JIANG Yong2,3, LIU Gaifen1 )

DOI
https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1673-5765.2025.05.006
Journal volume & issue
Vol. 20, no. 5
pp. 581 – 594

Abstract

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预防卒中发生是降低卒中疾病负担的根本途径。作为多因素共同作用所致疾病，卒中的发病机制涉及生活方式、遗传及环境等多种危险因素，控制危险因素是降低卒中发病率的核心策略。无论是针对未患病群体的卒中一级预防，还是针对卒中患者的二级预防，在卒中防治管理中都具有重要价值。本文系统梳理中国近20年来卒中预防的发展历程，重点呈现以下3方面研究成果：基于流行病学数据，系统总结中国卒中重要危险因素的流行趋势及变化特征；总结卒中二级预防中药物干预的执行情况，重点介绍抗血小板治疗的进展，回顾卒中预防领域具有里程碑意义的临床研究及其对临床实践的指导价值；总结和描述中国卒中筛查体系及防控策略的演进路径。此外，本文还对未来的卒中预防技术发展和研究方向进行展望：可穿戴医疗设备、人工智能辅助决策等新兴技术为卒中预防提供了新的工具，但这些新技术的应用效果及推广价值仍有待大规模临床研究进一步验证。 Abstract: Preventing the occurrence of stroke is the fundamental approach to reducing the burden of stroke disease. As a disease caused by multiple factors, the pathogenesis of stroke involves various risk factors such as lifestyle, genetics, and the environment. Controlling risk factors is the core strategy for reducing the incidence of stroke. Both primary prevention for the non-diseased population and secondary prevention for stroke patients hold significant value in stroke prevention and management. This article systematically reviews the development of stroke prevention in China over the past two decades, focusing on the following three research achievements: first, it summarizes the epidemiological trends and changing characteristics of major stroke risk factors in China based on epidemiological data; second, it examines the implementation of pharmacological interventions in secondary prevention of stroke, with a specific focus on the progress of antiplatelet therapy, and reviews the landmark clinical studies in the field of stroke prevention and their guiding value for clinical practice; finally, it provides a comprehensive review and summary of the evolution of China’s stroke screening system and prevention and control strategies. In addition, this article also looks forward to the future development of stroke prevention technology and research directions: emerging technologies such as wearable medical devices and artificial intelligence-assisted decision-making provide new technical means for stroke prevention. However, the application effects and promotional value of these new technologies still need to be further validated by large-scale clinical studies.

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