Performance analysis of plant-based coagulants in water purification: a review

Abstract

Abstract The working conditions during the preparation and extraction of solvents from various plant parts significantly improved plant-based coagulants used in water treatment. The study reviews the performance of plant-based coagulants in reducing turbidity, total hardness, heavy metals, and microorganisms, emphasizing dosage variations across different plant types. Utilizing specific keywords for searching plant-based coagulants status and organizing data into descriptive analysis were applied. The preparation process results of plant-based coagulants involved particle size, mixing speeds, drying temperature and time were presented. Again, performance results of the plant-based coagulants indicated the average turbidity removal performance ranged between 78 and 87.3%, heavy metal removal ranged from 59 to 98%, hardness reduction ranged from 15.45 to 43.3%, and microbial elimination ranged from 91 to 92% using solid dosage levels ranged from 0.5 to 10.3 g/L and liquid dosage level ranged from 2 to 54 mL/L, respectively. The actionable suggestions for implementing plant-based coagulants for up scaled in water treatment systems were presented. Therefore, the findings would support the optimization of dosage level from various plants for commercialization in water treatment applications.

Keywords

• Dosage level
• Heavy metals
• Microbial
• Plant-based coagulant
• Particle size
• Drying temperature