Diabetic Foot Ulcers: Current Advances in Antimicrobial Therapies and Emerging Treatments
Jesus Manuel Ramirez-Acuña,
Sergio A Cardenas-Cadena,
Pedro A Marquez-Salas,
Idalia Garza-Veloz,
Aurelio Perez-Favila,
Miguel A Cid-Baez,
Virginia Flores-Morales,
Margarita L Martinez-Fierro
Affiliations
Jesus Manuel Ramirez-Acuña
Molecular Medicine Laboratory, Unidad Academica de Medicina Humana y Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autonoma de Zacatecas, Carretera Zacatecas-Guadalajara Km.6. Ejido la Escondida, C.P. 98160 Zacatecas, Mexico
Sergio A Cardenas-Cadena
Molecular Medicine Laboratory, Unidad Academica de Medicina Humana y Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autonoma de Zacatecas, Carretera Zacatecas-Guadalajara Km.6. Ejido la Escondida, C.P. 98160 Zacatecas, Mexico
Pedro A Marquez-Salas
Molecular Medicine Laboratory, Unidad Academica de Medicina Humana y Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autonoma de Zacatecas, Carretera Zacatecas-Guadalajara Km.6. Ejido la Escondida, C.P. 98160 Zacatecas, Mexico
Idalia Garza-Veloz
Molecular Medicine Laboratory, Unidad Academica de Medicina Humana y Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autonoma de Zacatecas, Carretera Zacatecas-Guadalajara Km.6. Ejido la Escondida, C.P. 98160 Zacatecas, Mexico
Aurelio Perez-Favila
Molecular Medicine Laboratory, Unidad Academica de Medicina Humana y Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autonoma de Zacatecas, Carretera Zacatecas-Guadalajara Km.6. Ejido la Escondida, C.P. 98160 Zacatecas, Mexico
Miguel A Cid-Baez
Molecular Medicine Laboratory, Unidad Academica de Medicina Humana y Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autonoma de Zacatecas, Carretera Zacatecas-Guadalajara Km.6. Ejido la Escondida, C.P. 98160 Zacatecas, Mexico
Virginia Flores-Morales
Laboratorio de Sintesis Asimetrica y Bioenergetica (LSAyB), PA de Ingeniería Química, UACQ, Universidad Autonoma de Zacatecas, Carretera Zacatecas-Guadalajara Km.6. Ejido la Escondida, C.P. 98160 Zacatecas, Mexico
Margarita L Martinez-Fierro
Molecular Medicine Laboratory, Unidad Academica de Medicina Humana y Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autonoma de Zacatecas, Carretera Zacatecas-Guadalajara Km.6. Ejido la Escondida, C.P. 98160 Zacatecas, Mexico
Diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) are very important diabetes-related lesions that can lead to serious physical consequences like amputations of limbs and equally severe social, psychological, and economic outcomes. It is reported that up to 25% of patients with diabetes develop a DFU in their lifetime, and more than half of them become infected. Therefore, it is essential to manage infection and ulcer recovery to prevent negatives outcomes. The available information plays a significant role in keeping both physicians and patients aware of the emerging therapies against DFUs. The purpose of this review is to compile the currently available approaches in the managing and treatment of DFUs, including molecular and regenerative medicine, antimicrobial and energy-based therapies, and the use of plant extracts, antimicrobial peptides, growth factors, ozone, devices, and nano-medicine, to offer an overview of the assessment of this condition.
