Mechanisms of Actions Involved in The Antinociceptive Effect of Estragole and its <i>β</i>-Cyclodextrin Inclusion Complex in Animal Models
Roger Henrique Sousa da Costa,
Anita Oliveira Brito Pereira Bezerra Martins,
Renata Torres Pessoa,
Saad Ali Alshehri,
Shadma Wahab,
Md Faruque Ahmad,
Muath Suliman,
Lucas Yure Santos da Silva,
Isabel Sousa Alcântara,
Andreza Guedes Barbosa Ramos,
Maria Rayane Correia de Oliveira,
Francisco Lucas Alves Batista,
Gyllyandeson de Araújo Delmondes,
Pablo Antonio Maia de Farias,
Janaína Esmeraldo Rocha,
Henrique Douglas Melo Coutinho,
António Raposo,
Conrado Carrascosa,
José Raduan Jaber,
Irwin Rose Alencar de Menezes
Affiliations
Roger Henrique Sousa da Costa
Laboratory of Pharmacology and Molecular Chemistry (LFQM), Department of Biological Chemistry, Regional University of Cariri-URCA, Pimenta 63.100-000, Ceará, Brazil
Anita Oliveira Brito Pereira Bezerra Martins
Laboratory of Pharmacology and Molecular Chemistry (LFQM), Department of Biological Chemistry, Regional University of Cariri-URCA, Pimenta 63.100-000, Ceará, Brazil
Renata Torres Pessoa
Laboratory of Pharmacology and Molecular Chemistry (LFQM), Department of Biological Chemistry, Regional University of Cariri-URCA, Pimenta 63.100-000, Ceará, Brazil
Saad Ali Alshehri
Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia
Shadma Wahab
Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia
Md Faruque Ahmad
Department of Clinical Nutrition, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia
Muath Suliman
Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia
Lucas Yure Santos da Silva
Laboratory of Pharmacology and Molecular Chemistry (LFQM), Department of Biological Chemistry, Regional University of Cariri-URCA, Pimenta 63.100-000, Ceará, Brazil
Isabel Sousa Alcântara
Laboratory of Pharmacology and Molecular Chemistry (LFQM), Department of Biological Chemistry, Regional University of Cariri-URCA, Pimenta 63.100-000, Ceará, Brazil
Andreza Guedes Barbosa Ramos
Laboratory of Pharmacology and Molecular Chemistry (LFQM), Department of Biological Chemistry, Regional University of Cariri-URCA, Pimenta 63.100-000, Ceará, Brazil
Maria Rayane Correia de Oliveira
Laboratory of Pharmacology and Molecular Chemistry (LFQM), Department of Biological Chemistry, Regional University of Cariri-URCA, Pimenta 63.100-000, Ceará, Brazil
Francisco Lucas Alves Batista
Laboratory of Pharmacology and Molecular Chemistry (LFQM), Department of Biological Chemistry, Regional University of Cariri-URCA, Pimenta 63.100-000, Ceará, Brazil
Gyllyandeson de Araújo Delmondes
Nursing Academic Collegiate, Federal University of Vale do São Francisco (UNIVASF), Petrolina 56330-400, Pernambuco, Brazil
Pablo Antonio Maia de Farias
CECAPE College, Juazeiro do Norte-CE 63.024-015, Ceará, Brazil
Janaína Esmeraldo Rocha
Laboratory of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, Department of Biological Chemistry, Regional University of Cariri-URCA, Pimenta 63.100-000, Ceará, Brazil
Henrique Douglas Melo Coutinho
Laboratory of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, Department of Biological Chemistry, Regional University of Cariri-URCA, Pimenta 63.100-000, Ceará, Brazil
António Raposo
CBIOS (Research Center for Biosciences and Health Technologies), Universidade Lusófona de Humanidades e Tecnologias, Campo Grande 376, 1749-024 Lisboa, Portugal
Conrado Carrascosa
Department of Animal Pathology and Production, Bromatology and Food Technology, Faculty of Veterinary, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Trasmontaña s/n, 35413 Arucas, Spain
José Raduan Jaber
Departamento de Morfologia, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35413 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
Irwin Rose Alencar de Menezes
Laboratory of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, Department of Biological Chemistry, Regional University of Cariri-URCA, Pimenta 63.100-000, Ceará, Brazil
(1) Background: estragole is a monoterpene found in the essential oils of several aromatic plants, which can be used for several pharmacological activities. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antinociceptive effect of estragole (Es) and its β-cyclodextrins inclusion complex (Es/β-CD). (2) Methods: the effects of Es and Es/β-CD on the central nervous system (CNS) were evaluated through open field and rota-rod assays, and the antinociceptive effect in formalin models, abdominal writhing induced by acetic acid, hot plate, tail flick test and plantar mechanical hyperalgesia. (3) Results: Es and Es/β-CD showed no alterations on the CNS evaluated parameters and the results suggested there was an antinociceptive action in the formalin, abdominal writhing, hot plate, tail flick tests and plantar mechanical hyperalgesia, proposing the involvement of the nitric oxide, glutamatergic signaling pathways, cyclic guanosine monophosphate and vanilloid pathways. (4) Conclusion: the results suggest that Es and Es/β-CD have a promising antinociceptive potential as a possible alternative for the pharmacological treatment of pain, also showing that the encapsulation of Es in β-cyclodextrins probably improves its pharmacological properties, since the complexation process involves much lower amounts of the compound, contributing to better bioavailability and a lower probability of adverse effect development.
