Gas exchange optimization in aircraft engines using sustainable aviation fuel: A design of experiment and genetic algorithm approach
Zheng Xu,
Jinze Pei,
Shuiting Ding,
Longfei Chen,
Shuai Zhao,
Xiaowei Shen,
Kun Zhu,
Longtao Shao,
Zhiming Zhong,
Huansong Yan,
Farong Du,
Xueyu Li,
Pengfei Yang,
Shenghui Zhong,
Yu Zhou
Affiliations
Zheng Xu
Hangzhou International Innovation Institute, Beihang University, Hangzhou, 311115, China
Jinze Pei
Research Institute of Aero-Engine, Beihang University, Beijing, 102206, China
Shuiting Ding
Research Institute of Aero-Engine, Beihang University, Beijing, 102206, China; Civil Aviation University of China, Tianjin, 300300, China
Longfei Chen
Hangzhou International Innovation Institute, Beihang University, Hangzhou, 311115, China
Shuai Zhao
Research Institute of Aero-Engine, Beihang University, Beijing, 102206, China; Aircraft/Engine Integrated System Safety Beijing Key Laboratory, Beijing, 100083, China
Xiaowei Shen
Hangzhou International Innovation Institute, Beihang University, Hangzhou, 311115, China
Kun Zhu
Aero Engine Academy of China, Beijing, 101304, China
Longtao Shao
Aircraft/Engine Integrated System Safety Beijing Key Laboratory, Beijing, 100083, China; School of Energy and Power Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100083, China
Zhiming Zhong
Research Institute of Aero-Engine, Beihang University, Beijing, 102206, China; AVIC Chengdu Aircraft Design and Research Institute, Chengdu, 610091, China
Huansong Yan
AVIC Nanjing Engineering Institute of Aircraft Systems, Nanjing, 211106, China
Farong Du
Research Institute of Aero-Engine, Beihang University, Beijing, 102206, China; Aircraft/Engine Integrated System Safety Beijing Key Laboratory, Beijing, 100083, China
Xueyu Li
Aircraft/Engine Integrated System Safety Beijing Key Laboratory, Beijing, 100083, China; School of Transportation Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100083, China
Pengfei Yang
Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham Ningbo China, Ningbo, 315100, China
Shenghui Zhong
Hangzhou International Innovation Institute, Beihang University, Hangzhou, 311115, China; Corresponding author at: Hangzhou International Innovation Institute, Beihang University, Hangzhou, 311115, China.
Yu Zhou
Research Institute of Aero-Engine, Beihang University, Beijing, 102206, China; Aircraft/Engine Integrated System Safety Beijing Key Laboratory, Beijing, 100083, China
The poppet valves two-stroke (PV2S) aircraft engine fueled with sustainable aviation fuel is a promising option for general aviation and unmanned aerial vehicle propulsion due to its high power-to-weight ratio, uniform torque output, and flexible valve timings. However, its high-altitude gas exchange performance remains unexplored, presenting new opportunities for optimization through artificial intelligence (AI) technology. This study uses validated 1D + 3D models to evaluate the high-altitude gas exchange performance of PV2S aircraft engines. The valve timings of the PV2S engine exhibit considerable flexibility, thus the Latin hypercube design of experiments (DoE) methodology is employed to fit a response surface model. A genetic algorithm (GA) is applied to iteratively optimize valve timings for varying altitudes. The optimization process reveals that increasing the intake duration while decreasing the exhaust duration and valve overlap angles can significantly enhance high-altitude gas exchange performance. The optimal valve overlap angle emerged as 93 °CA at sea level and 82 °CA at 4000 m altitude. The effects of operating parameters, including engine speed, load, and exhaust back pressure, on the gas exchange process at varying altitudes are further investigated. The higher engine speed increases trapping efficiency but decreases the delivery ratio and charging efficiency at various altitudes. This effect is especially pronounced at elevated altitudes. The increase in exhaust back pressure will significantly reduce the delivery ratio and increase the trapping efficiency. This study demonstrates that integrating DoE with AI algorithms can enhance the high-altitude performance of aircraft engines, serving as a valuable reference for further optimization efforts.
