Use of Natural Products on the Control of <i>Aspergillus flavus</i> and Production of Aflatoxins In Vitro and on Tomato Fruit
Mario Alberto Segura-Palacios,
Zormy Nacary Correa-Pacheco,
Maria Luisa Corona-Rangel,
Ollin Celeste Martinez-Ramirez,
Dolores Azucena Salazar-Piña,
Margarita de Lorena Ramos-García,
Silvia Bautista-Baños
Affiliations
Mario Alberto Segura-Palacios
Facultad de Nutrición, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Calle Iztaccihuatl S/N, Col. Los Volcanes, Cuernavaca C.P. 62350, Mexico
Zormy Nacary Correa-Pacheco
Centro de Desarrollo de Productos Bióticos, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Carretera Yautepec-Jojutla, km. 6.8, San Isidro, CEPROBI 8, Yautepec C.P. 62731, Mexico
Maria Luisa Corona-Rangel
Centro de Desarrollo de Productos Bióticos, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Carretera Yautepec-Jojutla, km. 6.8, San Isidro, CEPROBI 8, Yautepec C.P. 62731, Mexico
Ollin Celeste Martinez-Ramirez
Facultad de Nutrición, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Calle Iztaccihuatl S/N, Col. Los Volcanes, Cuernavaca C.P. 62350, Mexico
Dolores Azucena Salazar-Piña
Facultad de Nutrición, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Calle Iztaccihuatl S/N, Col. Los Volcanes, Cuernavaca C.P. 62350, Mexico
Margarita de Lorena Ramos-García
Facultad de Nutrición, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Calle Iztaccihuatl S/N, Col. Los Volcanes, Cuernavaca C.P. 62350, Mexico
Silvia Bautista-Baños
Centro de Desarrollo de Productos Bióticos, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Carretera Yautepec-Jojutla, km. 6.8, San Isidro, CEPROBI 8, Yautepec C.P. 62731, Mexico
Aspergillus flavus affects fresh and dry fruit and vegetable products, and its toxic metabolites, namely aflatoxins, cause serious damage in humans. The objective of this research study was to evaluate the effect of commercial natural products as well as edible and nanostructured chitosan coatings on the development of A. flavus and on the production of aflatoxins in vitro and in tomato. Treatments were as follows: chitosan 1%, chitosan coating, chitosan nanostructured coating, Citrocover 1% (citrus seed extract), Resinadher 0.5% (pine resin extract), mancozeb 2%, and water. The variables were as follows: halo inhibition, spore production, and aflatoxins content. In fruit, the following were evaluated: disease incidence, mycelial growth, and aflatoxin production. An ANOVA (Tukey: p 5 spores mL−1, respectively), while chitosan inhibited the production of aflatoxins. With Resinadher and Citrocover, tomato fruit had the lowest incidence, mycelial growth, and aflatoxin production with corresponding values of 0%, 0.0 cm2, and 0.95 ppb, respectively, and 7%, 0.2 cm2, and 1.77 ppb, respectively. The use of Citrocover and Resinadher could be a viable alternative to decrease the development of A. flavus in tomato fruit.
