Tantalum doped TiO2 nanoparticles induced cytotoxicity and DNA damage through ROS generation in human neuroblastoma cells

Abstract

The chemoradiotherapy technique is widely applied in the treatment of cancerous disease. Nowadays, nanoparticles are used in drug delivery and it is essential to confirm the nontoxicity of nano-carriers to improve radiotherapy. So nanoparticles have a great research interest to develop chemo radiotherapies. In this experiment, we aimed to examine the toxic nature of TiO2-Ta nanoparticles on human neuroblastoma (SH-SY5Y) cells. The cytotoxic nature of TiO2-Ta NPs was examined by the MTT [3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide] assay. We have evaluated the IC50 24 h value of TiO2-Ta nanoparticles as 68 µg/ml by MTT assay. The cytotoxicity of TiO2-Ta nanoparticles was enhanced as the exposure concentration of NPs was increased. Produced oxidative stress such as GSH and LPO were determined and GSH was reduced and LPO was increased as the concentration of TiO2-Ta NPs increased. The Comet test was performed to detect the genotoxic potential of TiO2-Ta nanoparticles. We have noted 34% of DNA damage in SH-SY5Y cells at 300 µg/ml NPs for 24 h. The current study suggests that TiO2-Ta NPs induced major ROS-related cytotoxicity and genotoxicity in SH-SY5Y cells. More detailed studies would be needed to confirm the safety issues related to increased application of TiO2-Ta NPs in chemoradiotherapy. Thus this work presents a new type of mesoporous nano-carrier particularly useful for the delivery of safe and effective chemoradiotherapy.

Keywords

• TiO2-Ta nanoparticles
• Apoptosis
• Oxidative stress
• SH-SY5Y cells