EClinicalMedicine (Apr 2022)

Sputnik V protection from COVID-19 in people living with HIV under antiretroviral therapy

  • Vladimir A. Gushchin,
  • Elena V. Tsyganova,
  • Darya A. Ogarkova,
  • Ruslan R. Adgamov,
  • Dmitry V. Shcheblyakov,
  • Nataliia V. Glukhoedova,
  • Aleksandra S. Zhilenkova,
  • Alexey G. Kolotii,
  • Roman D. Zaitsev,
  • Denis Y. Logunov,
  • Alexander L. Gintsburg,
  • Alexey I. Mazus

Journal volume & issue
Vol. 46
p. 101360

Abstract

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Summary: Background: HIV-infection is known to aggravate the course of many infectious diseases, including COVID-19. International guidance recommends vaccination of HIV+ individuals against SARS-CoV-2. There is a paucity of data on epidemiological efficacy assessment of COVID-19 vaccines among HIV+. This paper provides a preliminary assessment of Sputnik V vaccine effectiveness in HIV+ patients on antiretroviral therapy (ART). Methods: We performed a retrospective cohort study to assess the effectiveness of the standard Sputnik V vaccination regimen in 24,423 HIV+ Moscow residents during spring - summer 2021, that included dominance of delta variant, with estimation of hospitalization and severe illness rates in vaccinated and unvaccinated patients. Data were extracted from the Moscow anti-COVID-19 vaccination and COVID-19 incidence Registries. Findings: The data obtained indicate that Sputnik V epidemiological efficiency in the entire cohort of HIV+ on ART was 76·33%; in HIV+ with CD4+ ≥ 350 cells/µl, vaccine efficiency was 79·42%, avoiding hospitalization in 90·12% cases and protecting from the development of moderate or severe disease in 97·06%. For delta variant in this group the efficiency was 65·35%, avoiding the need for hospitalization in 75·77% cases and protecting from the development of moderate or severe disease in 93·05% of patients. There was a trend, although not statistically significant, of declining vaccine efficiency in immune-compromised individuals (CD4+ < 350 cells/µl). Interpretation: The study suggested epidemiological efficiency of immunization with Sputnik V in HIV+ ART-treated patients for the original and delta SARS-CoV-2 variants. Funding: Ministry of Health of Russia and Moscow Healthcare Department.