Necrotizing enterocolitis. Roentgenologic, ultrasonic and laboratory methods of the examination, laparocentesis and laparoscopy

Abstract

Aim. The current issues of NEC’s objective diagnostics in newborns are discussed in the article. Actuality of the necrotic enterocolitis (NEC) study is caused by the complexity of its diagnosis due to non-specific clinical symptoms. Necrotizing enterocolitis is the leading death cause in premature infants. The incidence of deaths due to NEC ranges from 28 to 54% and up to 100% in patients with the most severe disease course. Patients that have survived require prolonged hospitalization due to various complications including bowel obstruction, short bowel syndrome, cholestasis, psychomotor development delay. Methods and results. Clinical symptoms were analyzed based on a literature review and the analysis of personal experience. Modern diagnostic methods (instrumental, radiological, laboratory) are offered in the article. Conclusion. It is ascertained that they provide substantial assistance in NEC’s treatment and the ability to predict its course.

Keywords

• Necrotizing Enterocolitis
• Newborn
• Diagnostics X-ray Study
• Ultrasonography and Laboratory Diagnosis
• Laparoscopy