Battery thermal management systems: Recent progress and challenges

Abstract

In recent years, attention has been drawn to battery thermal safety issues due to the importance of personal safety and vehicle service security. The latest advancements in battery thermal management (BTM) are conducted to face the expected challenges to ensure battery safety. The BTM technology enhances battery safety with a heat transfer intensifying method, which guarantees the battery operation performance based on the battery's thermokinetic, electrochemical, and mechanical characteristics at normal and abnormal operating conditions. Preventing overheating and providing an ideal working temperature for safe operation are also important. Therefore, developing a BTM system that is both safe and reliable has a vital research goal. A comprehensive review of BTM with enhanced safety is presented in this article. The present study introduces the advances in the applications of BTM with cyclic stability served, high energy density, and electrification of automobiles. A summary of relevant research is also provided to improve thermo-safe design innovation and cooperative optimization to meet the needs of green-energy vehicle commercialization. The current work discusses the applications of air, liquid, nanofluids, phase change material, heat pipe, and combinations of these technics for BTM. Finally, the current study describes the challenges and prospects for utilizing different types of BTM to distribute its technology for diverse applications. The present study shows that proper thermal management system (TMS) is required to increase the batteries' efficiency and lifetime. However, each TMS has its characteristics that differ from one to one. Therefore, the proposed TMS's configuration and optimum performance must be examined before real application.

Keywords

• Batteries thermal management systems
• Heat pipes
• Phase change material, Nanofluids
• Thermal safety