Вісник Харківського національного університету імені В.Н. Каразіна: Серія Економіка (Dec 2022)
The banking system of Ukraine during the period of marital status: challenges and achievements
Abstract
The article is devoted to the analysis of the banking system of Ukraine as of November 2022, namely for 9 months of a full-scale Russian invasion of the territory of an independent state - Ukraine. The war continues, now the terrorist country is targeting the energy and civilian structure of Ukraine. But the main state structures have come out of a state of shock, stabilized and are working in full mode. It should be noted that there are still very few studies on the chosen topic in the Ukrainian scientific community, and their need is growing every day, since practical actions should be based on theoretical grounds. The purpose of the article is to study the activities of the banking sector of Ukraine after the events of February 24, 2022 and to analyze the actions of the NBU, which currently keep the banking system indestructible. The article describes the main measures of the NBU as an organization that conducts monetary policy and keeps the monetary unit - the hryvnia in a balanced state. Actions that led to the stable operation of the banking system after a full-scale Russian invasion and ensure not only the controlled operation of banks, but also keep the information field for customers transparent and eliminates panic among the population. The main limitations for clients of commercial banks and the stages of stabilization of commercial banks are also analyzed. The study traced the dynamics of the dollar, rates on deposits and loans for the future, taking into account the results of the banking system in recent years. The actions of commercial banks regarding the introduction of loan repayment holidays were evaluated. It also proposed steps that will help in the future to carry out a stable banking policy and get closer to reducing the factors on which the country's economy as a whole depends (inflation index, interest rate, credit interest, foreign exchange rates against the dollar). The reasons for the closure of banks are analyzed and recommendations are made to save banking institutions that are on the verge of liquidation by providing subordinated debt by the state. Compared the decision of the National Bank of Ukraine and the Ministry of Finance of Ukraine, in terms of restrictions on the provision of loans and deposits, revealed negative aspects of the government's actions regarding the economic condition of the country. The dynamics of changes have been traced and conclusions have been drawn on the indicators of return on assets and equity over the years of the COVID-19 pandemic (2020 - 2021) and during the period of full-scale invasion of Ukraine.
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