Clinical Nutrition Open Science (Dec 2024)
Toxicological and histopathological effects of sodium benzoate used in commercially available fruit juice on liver and kidney tissue in mice model
Abstract
Summary: Aim: This study was designed to explore the toxic effects of SB overuse on blood biochemical and histopathological changes in mice. Methods: A total of sixty four (64) male swiss albino mice were divided into 08 (eight) groups. Group-1 was control that caring with normal standard diet and water, whereas mice in group-2, 3 and 4 were treated with market juice-1, 2, and 3. Group-5, 6 and 7 were treated with lab made juice-1, 2, and 3. Group-8 was treated just with SB and water. Results: Higher level of glucose was found mainly in the market juice in Group-4 and Group-2. ALT, AST and ALP also the showed higher level of activity, which indicates generally in liver dysfunction. In case of AST activity, in the market treated juice group as group-2, 3, and 4 showed the higher level as compared to control group. However in the lab juice, elevated level of AST also estimated in the group-5, 6, and 7 respectively. ALP, another important enzyme in biochemical study, showed significant alterations in activity level in the treatment groups. Highest ALP level was found in group-6 and group-4. Level of creatinine was measured to observe change in the kidney. When studying this parameter, it was noted that, mice in group-8 showed highest levels of serum creatinine, which was also followed by group-4. Another biochemical parameter, bilirubin showed variations in the level in different treatment groups in this study. Bilirubin level was increased remarkably in the market juice treated group-3 and in the lab juice treated group-7. The groups showed significant alteration in histopathology of liver and kidney. Conclusion: It can be concluded from the study that, excessive consumption of the market juices can have adverse effects on mice blood serum activity and organ function.
