PHYSICAL DEVELOPMENT OF CHILDREN AT THE AGE OF 1 YEAR AND 6 YEARS BORN AT LOW WEIGHT

Abstract

The physical development of children is one of the main indicators of a comprehensive health assessment. Purpose of the study – to determine the characteristics of the physical development of children aged 1 year and 6 years old, born with extremely low body weight (ELBW), very low body weight (VLBW) and low body weight (LBW). Material and methods. A study of the physical development of 304 children aged 1 year and 6 years was conducted. The main group consisted of 104 children with a birth weight < 2500 grams, the control group – 200 children with a birth weight of more than 2500 grams. Height and body mass index (BMI) indicators were analyzed using the WHO Anthro and WHO AnthroPLUS programs. For the group of children born with low birth weight, height and BMI at the age of 1 year were determined according to the corrected age. The BMI calculation was assessed using SDS tables and centile scales (WHO, 2007, 2009). Results. When assessing the growth of children aged 1 year, growth below average (19.2 %) and short stature (6.7 %) are significantly more often (p < 0.001) observed among children born with low birth weight; height above average (12 %) and tall (2 %) was more common among children in the control group. When assessing nutrition at the age of 1 year, among children born with low birth weight, the average level is significantly more common (p = 0.007), while among children in the control group, high nutrition (27.5 %) and obesity/paratrophy (6.5 %) are more common. No significantly significant differences were found when assessing growth and nutrition at the age of 6 years.

Keywords

• физическое развитие
• маловесные дети
• нмт
• онмт
• энмт при рождении