What is the current state of the art in incorporating antimicrobial agents into conventional glass ionomer cement? A systematic review

Abstract

Statement of problem: Conventional glass ionomer cement has limited action on biofilm. Thus, studies seek to incorporate different antimicrobial agents into GIC to provide antimicrobial activity. Purpose: The purpose of this systematic review was to review the current state of research regarding different antimicrobial agents incorporated into conventional GIC. Material and method: Searches were conducted in the SCOPUS, PubMed/Medline, EMBASE, Web of Science, and Google Scholar databases using the terms: glass ionomer cement; anti-microbial agent; anti-infective agents; antimicrobial; hydrochloride, chlorhexidine; microbicide; agents, anti-infective; antibacterial. The risk of bias was performed by adaptation of the Joanna Briggs Institute's assessment instrument for quasi-experimental studies. Results: A total of 798 articles were found in the databases, of which 242 were duplicates. Fifty-nine papers were eligible to be read in full, and 51 were included in this systematic review. Conclusion: Different antimicrobial agents are studied and incorporated into the GIC. However, based on the studies included in this systematic review, no fully effective agent was found that could maintain the prolonged antimicrobial effect without causing harm to the GIC or the body.

Keywords

• Glass ionomer cements
• Anti-infective agents
• Antibacterial property
• Dental materials