Permeability Characteristics of Sand Grouted with Glyoxal Blended Sodium Silicate

Abstract

T he goal of this study was to investigate the permeability characteristics of glyoxal blended sodium silicate injected sand specimens with different relative densities and gradations. Initially, rheological characteristics of glyoxal blended sodium silicate grouts were determined. Accordingly, the gel time decreased as the sodium silicate content increased. Viscosities of glyoxal blended sodium silicate grouts increased as the silicate content increased. Syneresis increased as the silicate content increased up to 37% but then started decreasing as the silicate content continued to increase. The groutability of glyoxal blended sodium silicate grouts into different graded sands specimens formed at various relative densities was highly successful. Grouted sand samples were kept in humidity room at a temperature of 20 °C till test time and put to permeability tests at different time intervals. In general, glyoxal blended sodium silicate grouting decreased the permeability of different graded sand specimens. The permeability of sodium silicateglyoxal grouted sand specimens increased with time as a conclusion of syneresis

Keywords

• permeability
• chemical grout
• sand
• glyoxal
• sodium silicate.