The Role of Nasir al-Din al-Tusi in The Development of Avicennian Philosophy and His Philosophical Innovations

Abstract

The effort of Khaje Nasir al-Din -Tusi was to defend Avicenna against Asharite theologians Gazali and Fakhr Razi and other Anti- Avicennian movements. He explained Avicenna's thoughts; however, he criticized some aspects of them and made a new paradigm for resolving problems. Many philosophers and theologians after him pursued him and profited by. His solutions were in a number of issues, such as the theory of Emanation (sūdūr) and knowledge of God. Tusi had solved the problem of how the multiplicity generated from the One with the notion of mental aspects (Etebariat) and the design of a model for creations which is based on logical progression and evolved Avicenna's theory. Al Tusi had some new ideas about the intellect realm and identified it with Actual Facts (Nafso-al-amr). In his view multiplicity in the intellect realm can solve the problem of knowledge in detail. Khaje Nasir with the aspect of Shia wisdom emphasized the role of the teacher for achieving abstract knowledge and the necessity of guidance of Imam for it. He believed that some aspects of religion are out of reaching intellect and for those things; we need guidance and help from the superior realm, like the corporal resurrection.

Keywords

• mental aspects (etebariat)
• teaching
• nasir al-din -tusi
• intellect
• al-wahid rule
• actual fact (nafso-al-amr)