Causal factors on the development of oral lesions on the old adults

Abstract

Introduction: oral lesions are a major health problem and the greater incidence falls on the old adults. Objective: to characterize the old adults with oral lesions at Hermanos Cruz University Polyclinic. Method: an observational, descriptive and cross-sectional study was carried out with patients older than 60 years old presenting lesions in the oral mucosa during 2017-2018. A sample of 137 patients was chosen. Descriptive statistical methods were applied to the analysis of the results. Medical ethics was respected. Results: female patients predominated (54,8 %), the age group from 60 to 69 (43,7 %), stomatitis under the denture was the main lesion (83,2 %). The 64,9 % of patients had full dentures, 69,3 % presented regular or poor hygiene of the dentures. It was found that 54,01 % of the patients with lesions wore dentures for 11 years or more. Permanent dentures (99,2 %), maladjustment (97,8 %), and smoking (91,2 %) were the most common risk factors for the development of lesions. Conclusions: patients on the six decade of life, mainly female, are prone to suffer from oral lesions, stomatitis under the dentures was the most common. Poor oral hygiene associated with the prolonged use of dentures, its maladjustment and smoking can favor the development of lesions.

Keywords

• adulto mayor
• lesiones bucales
• estomatitis subptótesis
• tabaquismo
• cáncer bucal
• factores de riesgo