Climatic Problems Facing Agricultural ‎‎(vegetable) Production in ‎the ‎‎Countryside of Habbaniya District

Abstract

Objectives: Identifying the climatic problems that hinder agricultural production and trying to overcome the impact of the problem of drought and water loss and evapotranspiration, which appear evident in the study area in order to improve the level of agricultural plant production there. Knowledge of the climatic elements affecting the climate water budget, along with the use of special mathematical equations in extracting evaporation-transpiration rates and extracting the water deficit.Method: The analytical-deductive approach was adopted to analyze and distribute agricultural land uses in the countryside of Habbaniyah District. The descriptive approach was also adopted to analyze the problems of distributing these uses and find appropriate solutions for them.Results: The climate characteristics (solar radiation, temperature, rain, evaporation, wind) have an important role in the prevalence of drought for a period of (5) months, and thus this was reflected in the high percentage of water deficit in the study area. It became clear that the phenomenon of drought in the study area is a permanent climatic phenomenon that occurs as a result of the lack of rainfall and its confinement to the winter season, in addition to the high temperatures and evaporation rates in the summer, which was reflected in the low productivity of the land and the low level of surface and groundwater resources.Conclusion: Directing farmers and specialists to avoid growing highly transpiring plants, which are of little economic benefit, removing plants of little benefit, removing non-productive leaves from plants, and cultivating low transpiring plant strains. 3- Using modern irrigation methods (drip irrigation or sprinkler irrigation) for the purpose of reducing the amount of water lost due to evaporation or water seeping into the ground.

Keywords

• climate problems
• drought
• evaporation
• habbaniya countryside