Undescribed Cyclohexene and Benzofuran Alkenyl Derivatives from <i>Choerospondias axillaris</i>, a Potential Hypoglycemic Fruit
Ermias Tamiru Weldetsadik,
Na Li,
Jingjuan Li,
Jiahuan Shang,
Hongtao Zhu,
Yingjun Zhang
Affiliations
Ermias Tamiru Weldetsadik
State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources of West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China
Na Li
State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources of West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China
Jingjuan Li
State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources of West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China
Jiahuan Shang
State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources of West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China
Hongtao Zhu
State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources of West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China
Yingjun Zhang
State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources of West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China
The fruit of Choerospondias axillaris (Anacardiaceae), known as south wild jujube in China, has been consumed widely in several regions of the world to produce fruit pastille and leathers, juice, jam, and candy. A comprehensive chemical study on the fresh fruits led to the isolation and identification of 18 compounds, including 7 new (1–7) and 11 known (8–18) comprised of 5 alkenyl (cyclohexenols and cyclohexenones) derivatives (1–5), 3 benzofuran derivatives (6–8), 6 flavonoids (9–14) and 4 lignans (15–18). Their structures were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic analysis. The known lignans 15–18 were isolated from the genus Choerospondias for the first time. Most of the isolates exhibited significant inhibitory activity on α-glucosidase with IC50 values from 2.26 ± 0.06 to 43.9 ± 0.96 μM. Molecular docking experiments strongly supported the potent α-glucosidase inhibitory activity. The results indicated that C. axillaris fruits could be an excellent source of functional foods that acquire potential hypoglycemic bioactive components.
