Potential medicinal plants for improve the immune system from Borneo Island and the prospect to be developed as nanomedicine

Abstract

The immune system is a combination of cells, molecules, and tissues that play a role in preventing, detecting and eliminating a pathogen that enters the body. Indonesian society, hereditary and traditionally used medicinal plants (herbs) to increase immunity or immune system that fight the bacterias and pathogens. This paper aims to review the potential plants for immunomodulator from Borneo Island and the prospect to be developed as nanomedicines. The review is made using online and offline literature. Based on the literature, the immune system can be improved by various compounds from plants such as bawang dayak (Eleutherine palmifolia (L) Merr), kelakai (Stenochlaena palustris (Burm.f) Bedd), pasak bumi (Eurycoma longifolia Jack), kasturi (Mangifera casturi Kosterm.), binjai (Mangifera caesia), ramania (Bouea macrophylla Griff), gerunggang (Cratoxylum arborescens (Vahl) Bl) and akar kuning (Fibraurea chloroleuca Miers). In general, the mechanism of the plants to improve the immune system is by facing the cause of the disease directly as an effector and also work by regulating immunity. The medicinal plants also have prospects to be developed as nanomedicines.