Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology (Dec 2020)

Discovery of a Potent RIPK3 Inhibitor for the Amelioration of Necroptosis-Associated Inflammatory Injury

  • Kaijiang Xia,
  • Fang Zhu,
  • Fang Zhu,
  • Fang Zhu,
  • Fang Zhu,
  • Chengkui Yang,
  • Chengkui Yang,
  • Chengkui Yang,
  • Shuwei Wu,
  • Yu Lin,
  • Haikuo Ma,
  • Xiaoliang Yu,
  • Xiaoliang Yu,
  • Xiaoliang Yu,
  • Cong Zhao,
  • Cong Zhao,
  • Cong Zhao,
  • Yuting Ji,
  • Yuting Ji,
  • Yuting Ji,
  • Yuting Ji,
  • Wenxiang Ge,
  • Wenxiang Ge,
  • Wenxiang Ge,
  • Jingrui Wang,
  • Jingrui Wang,
  • Jingrui Wang,
  • Yayun Du,
  • Yayun Du,
  • Yayun Du,
  • Yayun Du,
  • Wei Zhang,
  • Wei Zhang,
  • Wei Zhang,
  • Tao Yang,
  • Tao Yang,
  • Tao Yang,
  • Tao Yang,
  • Xiaohu Zhang,
  • Sudan He,
  • Sudan He,
  • Sudan He,
  • Sudan He

DOI
https://doi.org/10.3389/fcell.2020.606119
Journal volume & issue
Vol. 8

Abstract

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Necroptosis is a form of regulated necrosis that requires the activation of receptor-interacting kinase 3 (RIPK3 or RIP3) and its phosphorylation of the substrate MLKL (mixed lineage kinase domain-like protein). Necroptosis has emerged as important cell death involved in the pathogenesis of various diseases including inflammatory diseases, degenerative diseases, and cancer. Here, we discovered a small molecule Zharp-99 as a potent inhibitor of necroptosis through blocking the kinase activity of RIPK3. Zharp-99 efficiently blocks necroptosis induced by ligands of the death receptor and Toll-like receptor as well as viral infection in human, rat and mouse cells. Zharp-99 strongly inhibits cellular activation of RIPK3, and MLKL upon necroptosis stimuli. Zharp-99 directly blocks the kinase activity of RIPK3 without affecting RIPK1 kinase activity at the tested concentration. Importantly, Zharp-99 exerts effective protection against TNF-α induced systemic inflammatory response syndrome in the mouse model. Zharp-99 displays favorable in vitro safety profiles and in vivo pharmacokinetic parameters. Thus, our study demonstrates Zharp-99 as a potent inhibitor of RIPK3 kinase and also highlights its potential for further development of new approaches for treating necroptosis-associated inflammatory disorders.

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