Elevated Fasting Blood Glucose Levels Are Associated with Worse Clinical Outcomes in COVID-19 Patients Than in Pneumonia Patients with Bacterial Infections
Wenjun Wang,
Zhonglin Chai,
Mark E Cooper,
Paul Z Zimmet,
Hua Guo,
Junyu Ding,
Feifei Yang,
Xixiang Lin,
Xu Chen,
Xiao Wang,
Qin Zhong,
Zongren Li,
Peifang Zhang,
Zhenzhou Wu,
Xizhou Guan,
Lei Zhang,
Kunlun He
Affiliations
Wenjun Wang
Key Laboratory of Ministry of Industry and Information Technology of Biomedical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Chinese PLA, General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
Zhonglin Chai
Central Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne 3004, Australia
Mark E Cooper
Central Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne 3004, Australia
Paul Z Zimmet
Central Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne 3004, Australia
Hua Guo
Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Chinese PLA, General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
Junyu Ding
Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Chinese PLA, General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
Feifei Yang
Key Laboratory of Ministry of Industry and Information Technology of Biomedical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Chinese PLA, General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
Xixiang Lin
Key Laboratory of Ministry of Industry and Information Technology of Biomedical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Chinese PLA, General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
Xu Chen
Key Laboratory of Ministry of Industry and Information Technology of Biomedical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Chinese PLA, General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
Xiao Wang
Key Laboratory of Ministry of Industry and Information Technology of Biomedical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Chinese PLA, General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
Qin Zhong
Key Laboratory of Ministry of Industry and Information Technology of Biomedical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Chinese PLA, General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
Zongren Li
Key Laboratory of Ministry of Industry and Information Technology of Biomedical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Chinese PLA, General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
Peifang Zhang
BioMind Technology, Zhongguancun Medical Engineering Center, 10 Anxiang Road, 8th Floor, Beijing 100872, China
Zhenzhou Wu
BioMind Technology, Zhongguancun Medical Engineering Center, 10 Anxiang Road, 8th Floor, Beijing 100872, China
Xizhou Guan
Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Chinese PLA, General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
Lei Zhang
Central Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne 3004, Australia
Kunlun He
Key Laboratory of Ministry of Industry and Information Technology of Biomedical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Chinese PLA, General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
Aims: We investigate how fasting blood glucose (FBG) levels affect the clinical severity in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients, pneumonia patients with sole bacterial infection, and pneumonia patients with concurrent bacterial and fungal infections. Methods: We enrolled 2761 COVID-19 patients, 1686 pneumonia patients with bacterial infections, and 2035 pneumonia patients with concurrent infections. We used multivariate logistic regression analysis to assess the associations between FBG levels and clinical severity. Results: FBG levels in COVID-19 patients were significantly higher than in other pneumonia patients during hospitalisation and at discharge (all p p < 0.001). Among other pneumonia patients, the incidence rate of ICU admission on day 21 was only two times higher. Conclusions: Elevated FBG levels at admission predict subsequent clinical severity in all pneumonia patients regardless of the underlying pathogens, but COVID-19 patients are more sensitive to FBG levels, and suffer more severe clinical complications than other pneumonia patients.
