Российский паразитологический журнал (Oct 2019)
Pre-sowing seed treatment - an effective technique for the protection of seedling emergence from cyst nematodes
Abstract
Objective of research: The study of seed treatment with pesticides as one of the ways of protection of the initial phases of growth and development of plants from phytophagous complex including cyst forming nematodes. Materials and methods: The research material contained soil samples, plants, eggs, larvae, imago, and cysts nematodes. Field experiments were conducted in 2007- 2016 in Kiev and Chernigov regions of Ukraine. Preparation of temporary and permanent slides, determination of species composition of nematodes were carried out by standard methods. Field studies were conducted to investigate the biological effects of protectants on potatoes, sugar-beet and grain crops. The efficacy of metabolic biopreparations Avercom, Avercom nova-2, Violar and Phytovit based on ethanol extract from biomass of soil streptomyces (Streptomyces аvermitilis UKM AC-2179, S. netropsis UKM AC -2186, S. violaceus UKM AC -2191) was studied. The above mentioned biopreparations were used both for the pre-sowing treatment of Pekinese cabbage seeds and during the vegetation period of plants. Results and discussion: Pre-sowing treatment of seed and planting material with modern disinfectants permitted for use ensures different protection levels of the initial phases of growth and development of plants not only from pests and diseases, but also from phytoparasitic nematodes. It should be pointed out that staying in a toxic area does not always lead to the death of nematodes; a certain part of the population entered into the temporary diapause induced by toxic substances. It’s also proved that in addition to a direct toxic action, the disinfectants also have disorientation and repellent properties against nematodes. Nowadays the perspective metabolic drugs are Avercom, Avercom nova-2, Violar and Phytovit based on ethanol extract from biomass of soil streptomyces. We have determined high biological effectiveness (68,3-90,2%) of these drugs against beet cyst nematode.
