Neural Regeneration Research (Jan 2015)
Electrical stimulation of the vagus nerve protects against cerebral ischemic injury through an anti-infammatory mechanism
- Yao-xian Xiang,
- Wen-xin Wang,
- Zhe Xue,
- Lei Zhu,
- Sheng-bao Wang,
- Zheng-hui Sun
Affiliations
- Yao-xian Xiang
- Wen-xin Wang
- Zhe Xue
- Lei Zhu
- Sheng-bao Wang
- Zheng-hui Sun
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.4103/1673-5374.155430
- Journal volume & issue
-
Vol. 10,
no. 4
pp. 576 – 582
Abstract
Vagus nerve stimulation exerts protective effects against ischemic brain injury; however, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, a rat model of focal cerebral ischemia was established using the occlusion method, and the right vagus nerve was given electrical stimulation (constant current of 0.5 mA; pulse width, 0.5 ms; frequency, 20 Hz; duration, 30 seconds; every 5 minutes for a total of 60 minutes) 30 minutes, 12 hours, and 1, 2, 3, 7 and 14 days after surgery. Electrical stimulation of the vagus nerve substantially reduced infarct volume, improved neurological function, and decreased the expression levels of tumor necrosis factor-and interleukin- 6 in rats with focal cerebral ischemia. The experimental findings indicate that the neuroprotective effect of vagus nerve stimulation following cerebral ischemia may be associated with the inhibition of tumor necrosis factor- and interleukin-6 expression.
Keywords
- spinal cord injury
- propriospinal system
- neural plasticity
- fiber sprouting
- neural repair
- compensation
- regeneration
- propriospinal detours
- neurotrophic factors
- cell-adhesive ligands
- dorsal root ganglia
- L1CAM
- nerve growth factor
- biomaterials
- elastin-like proteins
- Alzheimer′s disease
- AMPK
- apoptosis
- autophagy
- central nervous system
- CCN4
- EGF
- diabetes mellitus
- erythropoietin
- EPO
- FGF
- IGF-1
- mTOR
- neuron
- neuropathy
- oxidative stress
- psychiatric
- stem cells
- WISP1
- Wnt
- peripheral nerve injury
- nerve graft
- nerve conduit
- Wallerian degeneration
- neurotrophic factors
- veins
- autografts
- nerve regeneration
- nerve regeneration
- neuroprotection
- resveratrol
- cerebral ischemia
- cerebral infarction
- matrix metalloproteinase
- molecular docking
- extracellular matrix
- neural regeneration
- nerve regeneration
- vagus nerve stimulation
- cerebral ischemia
- inflammatory cytokines
- infarct volume
- neurological function
- NSFC grants
- neural regeneration