Optimum sitting and sizing of WTs, PVs, ESSs and EVCSs using hybrid soccer league competition-pattern search algorithm

Abstract

With increasing environmental sensitivity and developing technology, Distributed Generations (DGs), Electric Vehicles Charging Stations (EVCSs), and Energy Storage Systems (ESSs) have been significant part of a distribution grid. However, inappropriate sitting and sizing of these components may negatively affect the performance of distribution grid. Besides, efficient operation of distribution grid can be achieved by only choosing the proper sizes of DGs, EVCSs, ESSs and placing them at the appropriate locations in the grid. In this paper, a weighted sum multi-objective function is formulated for reducing power loss, increasing voltage level and integration capacity of DGs, EVCSs, ESSs, simultaneously. Also, hybrid Soccer League Competition–Pattern Search (hSLC-PS) optimization algorithm is proposed to improve fine-tune performance of optimization. Simulations are carried out considering time-varying and stochastic nature of Photovoltaics (PVs) and Wind Turbines (WTs) generations and EVCSs load demand. The performance of the proposed method has been investigated on 33-bus and 85-bus test systems under different conditions and the statistical results are compared to SLC and Grey Wolf Optimization (GWO) algorithms to validate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm. Statistical results clearly reveal the superiority of hSLC-PS in simultaneous sitting and sizing of DGs, EVCSs and ESSs.

Keywords

• Distributed generation
• Renewable energy
• Electric vehicle charging station
• Energy storage stations
• Optimization