Sizing response of the Ultra-High Sensitivity Aerosol Spectrometer (UHSAS) and Laser Aerosol Spectrometer (LAS) to changes in submicron aerosol composition and refractive index

R. H. Moore; E. B. Wiggins; E. B. Wiggins; A. T. Ahern; A. T. Ahern; S. Zimmerman; L. Montgomery; P. Campuzano Jost; P. Campuzano Jost; C. E. Robinson; C. E. Robinson; L. D. Ziemba; E. L. Winstead; E. L. Winstead; B. E. Anderson; C. A. Brock; M. D. Brown; M. D. Brown; G. Chen; E. C. Crosbie; E. C. Crosbie; H. Guo; H. Guo; J. L. Jimenez; J. L. Jimenez; C. E. Jordan; C. E. Jordan; M. Lyu; B. A. Nault; B. A. Nault; B. A. Nault; N. E. Rothfuss; K. J. Sanchez; K. J. Sanchez; M. Schueneman; M. Schueneman; T. J. Shingler; M. A. Shook; K. L. Thornhill; K. L. Thornhill; N. L. Wagner; N. L. Wagner; J. Wang

doi:10.5194/amt-14-4517-2021

Atmospheric Measurement Techniques (Jun 2021)

Sizing response of the Ultra-High Sensitivity Aerosol Spectrometer (UHSAS) and Laser Aerosol Spectrometer (LAS) to changes in submicron aerosol composition and refractive index

R. H. Moore,
E. B. Wiggins,
E. B. Wiggins,
A. T. Ahern,
A. T. Ahern,
S. Zimmerman,
L. Montgomery,
P. Campuzano Jost,
P. Campuzano Jost,
C. E. Robinson,
C. E. Robinson,
L. D. Ziemba,
E. L. Winstead,
E. L. Winstead,
B. E. Anderson,
C. A. Brock,
M. D. Brown,
M. D. Brown,
G. Chen,
E. C. Crosbie,
E. C. Crosbie,
H. Guo,
H. Guo,
J. L. Jimenez,
J. L. Jimenez,
C. E. Jordan,
C. E. Jordan,
M. Lyu,
B. A. Nault,
B. A. Nault,
B. A. Nault,
N. E. Rothfuss,
K. J. Sanchez,
K. J. Sanchez,
M. Schueneman,
M. Schueneman,
T. J. Shingler,
M. A. Shook,
K. L. Thornhill,
K. L. Thornhill,
N. L. Wagner,
N. L. Wagner,
J. Wang

Affiliations

R. H. Moore: NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, VA, USA
E. B. Wiggins: NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, VA, USA
E. B. Wiggins: NASA Postdoctoral Program, Universities Space Research Association, Columbia, MD, USA
A. T. Ahern: NOAA Chemical Sciences Laboratory, Boulder, CO, USA
A. T. Ahern: Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences (CIRES), University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
S. Zimmerman: NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, VA, USA
L. Montgomery: NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, VA, USA
P. Campuzano Jost: Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences (CIRES), University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
P. Campuzano Jost: Department of Chemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
C. E. Robinson: NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, VA, USA
C. E. Robinson: Science Systems and Applications, Inc., Hampton, VA, USA
L. D. Ziemba: NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, VA, USA
E. L. Winstead: NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, VA, USA
E. L. Winstead: Science Systems and Applications, Inc., Hampton, VA, USA
B. E. Anderson: NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, VA, USA
C. A. Brock: NOAA Chemical Sciences Laboratory, Boulder, CO, USA
M. D. Brown: NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, VA, USA
M. D. Brown: Science Systems and Applications, Inc., Hampton, VA, USA
G. Chen: NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, VA, USA
E. C. Crosbie: NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, VA, USA
E. C. Crosbie: Science Systems and Applications, Inc., Hampton, VA, USA
H. Guo: Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences (CIRES), University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
H. Guo: Department of Chemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
J. L. Jimenez: Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences (CIRES), University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
J. L. Jimenez: Department of Chemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
C. E. Jordan: NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, VA, USA
C. E. Jordan: National Institute of Aerospace, Hampton, VA, USA
M. Lyu: Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
B. A. Nault: Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences (CIRES), University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
B. A. Nault: Department of Chemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
B. A. Nault: now at: Center for Aerosol and Cloud Chemistry, Aerodyne Research, Inc., Billerica, MA, USA
N. E. Rothfuss: Center for Aerosol Science and Engineering, Department of Energy, Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
K. J. Sanchez: NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, VA, USA
K. J. Sanchez: NASA Postdoctoral Program, Universities Space Research Association, Columbia, MD, USA
M. Schueneman: Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences (CIRES), University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
M. Schueneman: Department of Chemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
T. J. Shingler: NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, VA, USA
M. A. Shook: NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, VA, USA
K. L. Thornhill: NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, VA, USA
K. L. Thornhill: Science Systems and Applications, Inc., Hampton, VA, USA
N. L. Wagner: NOAA Chemical Sciences Laboratory, Boulder, CO, USA
N. L. Wagner: Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences (CIRES), University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
J. Wang: Center for Aerosol Science and Engineering, Department of Energy, Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA

DOI: https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-14-4517-2021
Journal volume & issue: Vol. 14
pp. 4517 – 4542

Abstract

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We evaluate the sensitivity of the size calibrations of two commercially available, high-resolution optical particle sizers to changes in aerosol composition and complex refractive index (RI). The Droplet Measurement Technologies Ultra-High Sensitivity Aerosol Spectrometer (UHSAS) and the TSI, Inc. Laser Aerosol Spectrometer (LAS) are two commonly used instruments for measuring the portion of the aerosol size distribution with diameters larger than nominally 60–90 nm. Both instruments illuminate particles with a laser and relate the single-particle light scattering intensity and count rate measured over a wide range of angles to the size-dependent particle concentration. While the optical block geometry and flow system are similar for each instrument, a significant difference between the two models is the laser wavelength (1054 nm for the UHSAS and 633 nm for the LAS) and intensity (about 100 times higher for the UHSAS), which may affect the way each instrument sizes non-spherical or absorbing aerosols. Here, we challenge the UHSAS and LAS with laboratory-generated, mobility-size-classified aerosols of known chemical composition to quantify changes in the optical size response relative to that of ammonium sulfate (RI of 1.52+0i at 532 nm) and NIST-traceable polystyrene latex spheres (PSLs with RI of 1.59+0i at 589 nm). Aerosol inorganic salt species are chosen to cover the real refractive index range of 1.32 to 1.78, while chosen light-absorbing carbonaceous aerosols include fullerene soot, nigrosine dye, humic acid, and fulvic acid standards. The instrument response is generally in good agreement with the electrical mobility diameter. However, large undersizing deviations are observed for the low-refractive-index fluoride salts and the strongly absorbing nigrosine dye and fullerene soot particles. Polydisperse size distributions for both fresh and aged wildfire smoke aerosols from the recent Fire Influence on Regional to Global Environments Experiment and Air Quality (FIREX-AQ) and the Cloud, Aerosol, and Monsoon Processes Philippines Experiment (CAMP2Ex) airborne campaigns show good agreement between both optical sizers and contemporaneous electrical mobility sizing and particle time-of-flight mass spectrometric measurements. We assess the instrument uncertainties by interpolating the laboratory response curves using previously reported RIs and size distributions for multiple aerosol type classifications. These results suggest that, while the optical sizers may underperform for strongly absorbing laboratory compounds and fresh tailpipe emissions measurements, sampling aerosols within the atmospherically relevant range of refractive indices are likely to be sized to better than ±10 %–20 % uncertainty over the submicron aerosol size range when using instruments calibrated with ammonium sulfate.

Published in Atmospheric Measurement Techniques

ISSN: 1867-1381 (Print); 1867-8548 (Online)
Publisher: Copernicus Publications
Country of publisher: Germany
LCC subjects: Technology: Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General): Environmental engineering; Technology: Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General): Earthwork. Foundations
Website: http://www.atmospheric-measurement-techniques.net/home.html

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