Exploring the Potential of Bee-Derived Antioxidants for Maintaining Oral Hygiene and Dental Health: A Comprehensive Review
Poonam Choudhary,
Surya Tushir,
Manju Bala,
Sanjula Sharma,
Manjeet Kaur Sangha,
Heena Rani,
Nileshwari Raju Yewle,
Parminder Kumar,
Diksha Singla,
Deepak Chandran,
Manoj Kumar,
Mohamed Mekhemar
Affiliations
Poonam Choudhary
Department of Agricultural Structures and Environment Control, ICAR-Central Institute of Post-Harvest Engineering and Technology, Ludhiana 141004, India
Surya Tushir
Department of Agricultural Structures and Environment Control, ICAR-Central Institute of Post-Harvest Engineering and Technology, Ludhiana 141004, India
Manju Bala
Department of Food Grain and Oilseed Processing, ICAR-Central Institute of Post-Harvest Engineering and Technology, Ludhiana 141004, India
Sanjula Sharma
Oilseeds Section, Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana 141004, India
Manjeet Kaur Sangha
Department of Biochemistry, College of Basic Sciences and Humanities, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana 141004, India
Heena Rani
Department of Biochemistry, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana 141004, India
Nileshwari Raju Yewle
Department of Entomology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
Parminder Kumar
Department of Soil Science, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana 141004, India
Diksha Singla
Department of Biochemistry, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana 141004, India
Deepak Chandran
Department of Animal Husbandry, Government of Kerala, Palakkad 679335, India
Manoj Kumar
Chemical and Biochemical Processing Division, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Cotton Technology, Mumbai 400019, India
Mohamed Mekhemar
Clinic for Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, Christian-Albrecht’s University, 24105 Kiel, Germany
Honey bee products comprise various compounds, including honey, propolis, royal jelly, bee pollen, bee wax and bee venom, which have long been recognized for their pharmacological and health-promoting benefits. Scientists have discovered that periodontal disorders stem from dental biofilm, an inflammatory response to bacterial overgrowth produced by dysbiosis in the oral microbiome. The bee products have been investigated for their role in prevention of oral diseases, which are attributed to a myriad of biologically active compounds including flavonoids (pinocembrin, catechin, caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) and galangin), phenolic acids (hydroxybenzoic acid, hydroxycinnamic acid, p-coumaric, ellagic, caffeic and ferulic acids) and terpenoids. This review aims to update the current understanding of role of selected bee products, namely, honey, propolis and royal jelly, in preventing oral diseases as well as their potential biological activities and mechanism of action in relation to oral health have been discussed. Furthermore, the safety of incorporation of bee products is also critically discussed. To summarize, bee products could potentially serve as a therapy option for people suffering from a variety of oral disorders.
