Multi sensor application-based for measuring the quality of human urine on first-void urine

Abstract

Urine can be used to diagnose diabetes in a non-invasively manner. Examination of blood sugar levels as an indicator of diabetics is currently carried out using invasive methods. However, most people are not comfortable with the invasive methods used. Early diagnosis of diabetics using non-invasive methods is very important to continue to be developed, including by checking the quality of the urine. This study aims to create a quality urine detection based on urine pH, turbidity, and ammonia concentration by using multi-sensor: pH4502C to measure pH level, SEN0189 to measure urine turbidity, and MQ137 to measure ammonia concentration. Urine samples of 15 subjects were collected early in the morning before doing any activities. For the experiment, all sensors can be read analog signals which are received by an Arduino Nano as a micro-controller and converted into digital values in the form of pH scale, Nephelometric Turbidity Units (NTU), and parts per million (ppm). These values are displayed on the LCD display. Theexperiments showed that the measured sensor using the system was compared with the calculated sensor from a manual calculation using an equation. These comparisons were used to know the error percentage. The average value of urine measurement from 15 subjects obtained pH urine of 5.62, turbidity urine of 0.59 NTU, and ammonia urine of 0.66 ppm. The accuracy percentages of pH sensor, ammonia sensor, and turbidity sensor are 97.69%, 98.32%, and 97.09%. All sensors were proved capable to measure the quality of human urine. The results of this study became the basis for the initial diagnosis of diabetes from the quality of the urine using non invasive method.

Keywords

• Ammonia
• Invasive
• pH Urine
• Sensor
• Turbidity
• and Urine detection