APL Photonics (Dec 2023)

Palm-sized, vibration-insensitive, and vacuum-free all-fiber-photonic module for 10−14-level stabilization of CW lasers and frequency combs

  • Igju Jeon,
  • Changmin Ahn,
  • Chankyu Kim,
  • Seongmin Park,
  • Wonju Jeon,
  • Lingze Duan,
  • Jungwon Kim

DOI
https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0160834
Journal volume & issue
Vol. 8, no. 12
pp. 120804 – 120804-10

Abstract

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Compact and robust frequency-stabilized laser sources are critical for a variety of fields that require stable frequency standards, including field spectroscopy, radio astronomy, microwave generation, and geophysical monitoring. In this work, we applied a simple and compact fiber ring-resonator configuration that can stabilize both a continuous-wave laser and a self-referenced optical frequency comb to a vibration-insensitive optical fiber delay-line. We could achieve a thermal-noise-limited frequency noise level in the 10 Hz–1 kHz offset frequency range for both the continuous-wave laser and the optical frequency comb with the minimal frequency instability of 2.7 × 10−14 at 0.03-s and 2.6 × 10−14 at 0.01-s averaging time, respectively, under non-vacuum conditions. The optical fiber spool, working as a delay reference, is designed to be insensitive to external vibrations, with a vibration sensitivity of sub-10−10 (1/g) and a volume of 32 ml. Finally, the ring-resonator setup is packaged in a palm-sized aluminum case with 171-ml volume with a vibration-insensitive spool, as well as an even smaller 97-ml-volume case with an ultracompact 9-ml miniaturized fiber spool.