Haiyang Kaifa yu guanli (May 2023)
Remote Sensing Investigation and Analysis of Coastal Salt Marshes in Guangdong and Guangxi
Abstract
Coastal salt marshes, as an important wetland type, have great social, economic and ecological values. This study surveyed and analyzed the distribution of coastal salt marshes in Guangdong Province and Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, based on multi-source domestic high spatial resolution satellite imagery and field survey. At the end of 2019, the distribution areas of coastal salt marshes in Guangdong and Guangxi were 1 258.00 hm2 and 1 450.36 hm2, respectively. Salt marshes distributed in 14 coastal cities of Guangdong except Maoming. The distribution areas of salt marshes in Zhuhai, Jiangmen and Zhanjiang were 438.89 hm2, 331.83 hm2 and 162.36 hm2, respectively, accounting for 34.89%, 26.38% and 12.91% of the total salt marsh area in Guangdong. Salt marshes distributed in 3 coastal cities of Guangxi. The distribution areas of salt marshes in Beihai, Fangchenggang, and Qinzhou were 1 354.87 hm2, 49.73 hm2 and 45.76 hm2, respectively, accounting for 93.41%, 3.43% and 3.16% of the total salt marsh area in Guangxi. The distribution areas of Spartina alterniflora in Guangdong and Guangxi were 327.96 hm2 and 1 312.02 hm2, respectively. Spartina alterniflora in Guangdong was mainly distributed in Jiangmen, Yangjiang, Zhanjiang and Chaozhou, with the area of 179.07 hm2, 73.64 hm2, 69.72 hm2 and 5.52 hm2, respectively. The area of Spartina alterniflora in the coastal tidal zone of Guangdong has been relatively stable in the past 5 years. Spartina alterniflora in Guangxi was mainly distributed in Beihai and Qinzhou, with the area of 1 309.04 hm2 and 2.98 hm2, respectively. The area of Spartina alterniflora in Guangxi increased by 1 311.08 hm2 compared with the introduction year. Spartina alterniflora expanded continuously in the east coast of Beihai, Tieshan Harbor, and Lianzhou Bay, especially Spartina alterniflora in Lianzhou Bay was in the rapid expansion period. More work is suggested to strengthen the operational monitoring, prevention and control of Spartina alterniflora.
