GhIMP10D, an inositol monophosphates family gene, enhances ascorbic acid and antioxidant enzyme activities to confer alkaline tolerance in Gossypium hirsutum L.

Abstract

Abstract Background Inositol monophosphates (IMP) are key enzymes in the ascorbic acid (AsA) synthesis pathways, which play vital roles in regulating plant growth and development and stresses tolerance. To date, no comprehensive analysis of the expression profile of IMP genes and their functions under abiotic stress in cotton has been reported. Results In this study, the genetic characteristics, phylogenetic evolution, cis-acting elements and expression patterns of IMP gene family in cotton were systematically analyzed. A total of 28, 27, 13 and 13 IMP genes were identified in Gossypium hirsutum (G. hirsutum), Gossypium barbadense (G. barbadense), Gossypium arboreum (G. arboreum), and Gossypium raimondii (G. raimondii), respectively. Phylogenetic analysis showed that IMP family genes could cluster into 3 clades. Structure analysis of genes showed that GhIMP genes from the same subgroup had similar genetic structure and exon number. And most GhIMP family members contained hormone-related elements (abscisic acid response element, MeJA response element, gibberellin response element) and stress-related elements (low temperature response element, defense and stress response element, wound response element). After exogenous application of abscisic acid (ABA), some GhIMP genes containing ABA response elements positively responded to alkaline stress, indicating that ABA response elements played an important role in response to alkaline stress. qRT-PCR showed that most of GhIMP genes responded positively to alkaline stress, and GhIMP10D significantly upregulated under alkaline stress, with the highest up-regulated expression level. Virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) experiment showed that compared with 156 plants, MDA content of pYL156:GhIMP10D plants increased significantly, while POD, SOD, chlorophyII and AsA content decreased significantly. Conclusions This study provides a thorough overview of the IMP gene family and presents a new perspective on the evolution of this gene family. In particular, some IMP genes may be involved in alkaline stress tolerance regulation, and GhIMP10D showed high expression levels in leaves, stems and roots under alkaline stress, and preliminary functional verification of GhIMP10D gene suggested that it may regulate tolerance to alkaline stress by regulating the activity of antioxidant enzymes and the content of AsA. This study contributes to the subsequent broader discussion of the structure and alkaline resistance of IMP genes in cotton.

Keywords

• Inositol monophosphates
• Ascorbic acid
• Alkaline tolerance
• Gossypium hirsutum L.