Authentication and encryption protocol with revocation and reputation management for enhancing 5G-V2X security

Abstract

This paper presents a novel robust solution for key management, message encryption, and authentication, offering enhanced security for 5G-V2X communication. By incorporating bilinear pairing, and AES encryption, the protocol achieves a high level of security. The protocol consists of two key phases: key management and distribution, and message authentication and encryption. In the key management phase, secret sharing and polynomial interpolation techniques are used to generate and distribute the master secret key. The message authentication and encryption utilize bilinear pairing for integrity and origin authentication and symmetric encryption for confidentiality. To address the real-time update limitations of traditional revoking approaches, a reputation-based vehicle revocation mechanism is proposed. This mechanism allows fair revoking based on reputation scores and authenticated feedback, ensuring effective resource management. The proposed protocol utilizes the MIRACL library to implement the bilinear pairing operations. Comparative analysis demonstrates the superior performance of the protocol compared to other bilinear pairing protocols. The results show that the proposed protocol enhances authentication and encryption while incurring short times for message signing and verification (1.925 ms and 7.115 ms, respectively). Furthermore, the protocol supports signature aggregation using bilinear properties, resulting in constant verification time regardless of the number of signatures.

Keywords

• 5G-V2X communication
• Authentication protocol
• Threshold splitting
• BLS signatures
• Certificate Revocation Lists (CRLs)
• Reputation-based revocation mechanism