Distorsions de ségrégation et amélioration génétique des plantes (synthèse bibliographique)

Abstract

Segregation distortions and their consequences for plant breeding: a review. Distortion of allele segregation is a phenomenon common to all living organisms. Described as a great force of evolution, this phenomenon is caused by various genetic or physiological factors. Random or not, the factors involved in segregation distortion have significant effects on crop improvement and on the mapping of crop genomes. Analysis of numerous results involving a distortion of the segregation of alleles was used to characterize partially the causes and effects of this phenomenon. The results obtained show that the importance of segregation distortion depends on the type of molecular markers used and the nature of the populations investigated. Further research is needed to better identify and locate the factors causing segregation distortion, and to better assess and to understand their effects. The development of dense genetic maps, combined with cytogenetic analysis, would allow rapid progress in this area.

Keywords

• Segregation
• genes
• loci
• genetic maps
• genetic markers
• plant breeding
• plant genetics